The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Toluene, alpha,alpha,alpha - trichloro -

RTECS #: XT9275000

CAS #: 98-07-7

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 195.47 MF: C7H5Cl3


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  4. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  5. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  6. REVIEWS:
  7. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  8. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  9. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  10. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1 - (Trichloromethyl) benzene
  2. Benzene, (trichloromethyl) -
  3. Benzenyl chloride
  4. Benzenyl trichloride
  5. Benzoic trichloride
  6. Benzotrichloride
  7. Benzyl trichloride
  8. Benzylidyne chloride
  9. Chlorure de benzenyle (French)
  10. Phenyl chloroform
  11. Phenyltrichloromethane
  1. RCRA waste number U023
  2. Toluene trichloride
  3. Trichloormethylbenzeen (Dutch)
  4. Trichlormethylbenzol (German)
  5. Trichloromethylbenzene
  6. Trichlorophenylmethane
  7. Triclorometilbenzene (Italian)
  8. Triclorotoluene (Italian)
  9. alpha,alpha,alpha - Trichlorotoluene
  10. omega,omega,omega - Trichlorotoluene


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis inhalation
rat 		1 ppm/6 hour/4 week- intermittent MUREAV 164,272,1986
DNA damage human other cell types 100 µg/L PAACA3 27,94,1986
DNA repair Bacillus subtilis 2,600 nmol/disc MUREAV 58,143,1978
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 500 nmol/plate/20 minute (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 58,143,1978
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 10 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 11(Suppl 12),1,1988
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 500 nmol/plate/20 minute (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 58,143,1978


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,620 ppb/30 minute/22 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		SAIGBL 28,352,1986
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 287 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors 		CALEDQ 33,167,1986
intraperitoneal
mouse 		toxic dose : 288 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors 		PAACA3 27,94,1986
intraperitoneal
mouse 		toxic dose : 1,440 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors

Blood: Lymphoma including Hodgkin's disease 		CALEDQ 33,167,1986
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,380 mg/kg/25 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Tumors 		INHEAO 31,127,1993
skin
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 9,200 mg/kg/50 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		GANNA2 72,655,1981
skin
mouse 		toxic dose : 16,320 mg/kg/31 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		GANNA2 72,655,1981
skin
mouse 		toxic dose : 17,600 mg/kg/42 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		GANNA2 72,655,1981
skin
mouse 		toxic dose : 34,000 mg/kg/31 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		GANNA2 72,655,1981
skin
mouse 		toxic dose : 35,200 mg/kg/42 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Lymphoma including Hodgkin's disease

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		GANNA2 72,655,1981


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 60 mg/m3 N/R GTPZAB 30(3),6,1986
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 8 ppm/2 hour Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		IMEMDT 29,73,1982
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 60 mg/m3/2 hour N/R VCVGK* -,42,1984
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 19 ppm/2 hour Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		IMEMDT 29,73,1982
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 150 mg/m3/2 hour N/R VCVGK* -,42,1984
oral
mammal (species unspecified) 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,300 mg/kg N/R GISAAA 40(1),92,1975
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 702 mg/kg N/R TSCAT* FYI-OTS-1180-0107
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,300 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,42,1984
subcutaneous
frog 		lowest published lethal dose: 2,150 mg/kg Autonomic Nervous System: Other (direct) parasympathomimetic

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) 		AEPPAE 130,250,1928
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4 gm/kg Behavioral: Excitement

Liver: Other changes

Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other 		TSCAT* FYI-OTS-1180-0107


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/2 hour/9 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Blood: Luekopenia 		GISAAA 28(10),30,1963
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 49 mg/m3/4 week- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTIS** OTS0536269
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/2 hour/7 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,43,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 30 mg/m3/2 hour/20 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition VCVGK* -,43,1994
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 0.84 mg/kg/28 day- continuous Liver: Other changes

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) 		VCVGK* -,43,1994
skin
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,500 mg/kg/3 day- intermittent Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count

Skin: After topical application: Corrosive

Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair 		VCVGK* -,43,1994


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Suspected Human Carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value ceiling concentration 0.1 ppm (skin) DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 29,73,1982
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 71,453,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Limited Evidence IMEMDT 71,453,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 29,73,1982
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 543,201,2003


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 0.2 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM Carcinogen, SEP2000


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: X7402;
Number of Industries 1;
Total Number of Facilities 43;
Number of Occupations 1;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 171


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; B subtilis rec assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE FEREAC 47,26992,82
Used as a chemical and dye intermediate
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC.
CALEDQ Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
GANNA2 Gann. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research. (Tokyo, Japan) V.1-75, 1907-84. For publisher information, see JJCREP.
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
INHEAO Industrial Health. (National Institute of Industrial Health, 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 213 Japan) V.1- 1963-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
PAACA3 Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. (Waverly Press, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1954-
SAIGBL Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. (Nippon Sangyo Eisei Igakkai, Kosu Eisei Bldg., 1-29-8, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.1- 1959-
TSCAT* Office of Toxic Substances Report. (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460)
VCVGK* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994.

Used as a chemical and dye intermediate

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen

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