The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Sulfuric acid

RTECS #: WS5600000

CAS #: 7664-93-9

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 98.08 MF: H2O4S


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Acide sulfurique (French)
  2. Acido solforico (Italian)
  3. BOV
  4. Battery acid
  5. Dihydrogen sulfate
  6. Dipping acid
  7. Electrolyte acid
  8. Mattling acid
  1. Oil of vitriol
  2. Schwefelsaeureloesungen (German)
  3. Strong inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid
  4. Sulfuric acid (ACGIH:OSHA)
  5. Sulfuric acid, aerosol
  6. Sulphuric acid
  7. Vitriol Brown Oil
  8. Zwavelzuuroplossingen (Dutch)


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		250 µg severe AJOPAA 29,1363,1946
eye
rabbit 		5 mg/30S rinse severe TXCYAC 23,281,1982


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 4 mmol/L MUREAV 225,55,1989


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 20 mg/m3/7 hour (6-18 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system JEHSDH 13,251,1979


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
cat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 461 mg/m3/7 hour N/R VCVN5* -,239,1993
inhalation
guinea pig 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 18 mg/m3 Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes MELAAD 45,590,1954
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal concentration: 65 mg/m3/30 minute Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchiolar constriction, including asthma VCVN5* -,239,1993
inhalation
guinea pig 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 18 mg/m3/8 hour N/R VCVN5* -,239,1993
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 8 mg/m3/5 day Behavioral: Food intake (animal)

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema 		VCVN5* -,240,1993
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 3 mg/m3/24 week Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structures BJIMAG 18,63,1961
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 mg/m3/3 hour Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes INHTE5 9,731,1997
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.6 mg/m3 Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough VCVN5* -,241,1993
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.73 mg/m3 Eye: Other eye effects VCVN5* -,241,1993
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.63 mg/m3 Brain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEG VCVN5* -,241,1993
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 3 mg/m3/5 minute Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea VCVN5* -,241,1993
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 320 mg/m3/2 hour N/R 85GMAT -,107,1982
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 320 mg/m3 N/R VCVN5* -,239,1993
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published lethal concentration: 461 mg/m3/7 hour N/R VCVN5* -,239,1993
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 510 mg/m3/2 hour N/R 85GMAT -,107,1982
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 510 mg/m3 N/R VCVN5* -,239,1993
inhalation
rat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 461 mg/m3/7 hour N/R VCVN5* -,239,1993
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published lethal concentration: 461 mg/m3/7 hour N/R VCVN5* -,239,1993
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,140 mg/kg N/R AIHAAP 30,470,1969
unreported route
man 		lowest published lethal dose: 135 mg/kg N/R 85DCAI 2,73,1970


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
dog 		lowest published toxic concentration: 900 µg/m3/21 hour/89 week- intermittent Cardiac: Changes in heart weight

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight 		AEHLAU 26,16,1973
inhalation
dog 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.9 mg/m3/21 hour/620 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression VCVN5* -,244,1989
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 30 mg/m3/7 day- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JTEHD6 3,521,1977
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4 mg/m3/24 hour/18 day- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis (interstitial)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema 		VCVN5* -,243,1989
inhalation
horse, donkey 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.1 mg/m3/5 day/26 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes VCVN5* -,244,1989
inhalation
monkey 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2 mg/m3/23 hour/78 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes AEHLAU 27,16,1973
inhalation
monkey 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2.4 mg/m3/24 hour/78 week- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes VCVN5* -,243,1989
inhalation
monkey 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2.4 mg/m3/24 hour/78 week- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression VCVN5* -,244,1989
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 784 µg/m3/24 hour/84 day- continuous Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		GISAAA 38(3),6,1973
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1.8 mg/m3/24 hour/65 day- continuous Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli 		VCVN5* -,243,1989
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.3 mg/m3/6 hour/5 day- intermittent Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes 		JAPTO* 22,387,2002
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.2 mg/m3/6 hour/4 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes JAPTO* 22,387,2002


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2002
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 1 mg/m3;short term exposure limit 3 mg/m3 DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Suspected Human Carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value short term exposure limit 3 mg/m3 DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2002
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 54,41,1992
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 1 IMEMDT 54,41,1992
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
EVHPAZ 10,35,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ARTODN 39,299,1978


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: RED Completed RBREV* -,325,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 DTLVS* 3,239,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - ARAB Republic of Egypt time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 3 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 3 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 1 mg/m3, VLE 3 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 1 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - JAPAN Occupational Exposure Limit 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 1 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 3 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 1 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 1 mg/m3, TKV 3 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 1 mg/m3, KZG- week 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THAILAND time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

short term exposure limit 3 mg/m3
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
short term exposure limit 3 mg/m3


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO SULFURIC ACID-air 10 hour time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 70870;
Number of Industries 313;
Total Number of Facilities 54,746;
Number of Occupations 143;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 499,446
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 70870;
Number of Industries 300;
Total Number of Facilities 54,516;
Number of Occupations 182;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 775,587;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 173,653


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/99/122038)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used in manufacture of explosives, dyes, metal pickling, batteries, leather tanning
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0892-9247;8EHQ-0892-9248
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Acids, inorganic, 7903
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Known to be human carcinogen
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID-113


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85DCAI "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M., Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970
85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982
AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960-
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958-
AJOPAA American Journal of Ophthalmology. (Ophthalmic Pub. Co., 435 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1415, Chicago, IL 60611) Series 3: V.1- 1918-
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
BJIMAG British Journal of Industrial Medicine. (British Medical Journal, Box 560B, Kennebunkport, ME 04046) V.1- 1944-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
INHTE5 Inhalation Toxicology. (Published by Taylor & Francis Health, 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE) V.1- 1989-
JAPTO* Journal of Applied Toxicology (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Oldlands Way Bognor Regis West Sussex, PO22 9SA England) V.1- 1981-
JEHSDH Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C: Environmental Health Sciences. New York, NY) V.13, 1978-79.
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
MELAAD Medicina del Lavoro. Industrial Medicine. (Via S. Barnaba, 8, 20122 Milan, Italy) V.16- 1925-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-
VCVN5* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva. Neorganicheskie soedinenia elementov V-VII groopp" (Hazardous substances. Inornanic substances containing V-VII group elements), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1989.

Used in manufacture of explosives, dyes, metal pickling, batteries, leather tanning

Top 50 chemical production: 88.80 billions lbs in 1992, 86.70 billions in 1991

NIOSH PROFILE (ELECTROPLATING), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (FERTILIZER MANUFACTURE), SRC, 3/80

NIOSH PROFILE (INCINERATION), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (JEWELRY MANUFACTURING), SRC,

NIOSH PROFILE (LEATHER TANNING), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (PETROLEUM REFINING), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (SEWAGE TREATMENT), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (SMELTERS, SECONDARY NON-FERROUS), SRI, 2/77

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

ALT CAS #: 119540-51-1
ALT CAS #: 127529-01-5
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