The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Sodium hydroxide

RTECS #: WB4900000

CAS #: 1310-73-2

UPDATE: November 2004 MW: 40.00 MF: HNaO


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  5. REVIEWS:
  6. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  7. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  8. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  9. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Hydroxyde de sodium (French)
  2. Sodium hydrate
  3. Caustic soda
  4. Lewis - red devil lye
  5. Natriumhydroxid (German)
  6. Natriumhydroxyde (Dutch)
  1. Soda lye
  2. Sodio (idrossido di) (Italian)
  3. Sodium hydroxide (ACGIH:OSHA)
  4. Sodium (hydroxyde de) (French)
  5. White caustic


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
monkey 		1%/24 hour severe TXAPA9 6,701,1964
eye
rabbit 		400 µg mild OYYAA2 26,627,1983
eye
rabbit 		1% severe AJOPAA 29,1363,1946
eye
rabbit 		50 µg/24 hour severe 28ZPAK -,7,1972
eye
rabbit 		1 mg/24 hour severe TXAPA9 6,701,1964
eye
rabbit 		1 mg/30S rinse severe TXCYAC 23,281,1982
skin
human 		2%/24 hour mild JIDEAE 68,192,1988
skin
rabbit 		500 mg/24 hour severe 28ZPAK -,7,1972


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis parenteral
grasshopper 		20 mg NULSAK 9,119,1966
cytogenetic analysis hamster lung 10 mmol/L CYTBAI 55,167,1988
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 16 mmol/L MUREAV 225,55,1989


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 40 mg/kg N/R COREAF 257,791,1963
oral
human 		lowest published lethal dose: 1.57 mg/kg Behavioral: Anorexia (human)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase

Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation 		VCVN1* -,37,1998
oral
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kg N/R AEPPAE 184,587,1937
skin
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 25 pph N/R VCVN1* -,37,1998
skin
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 25 pph Behavioral: Anorexia (human)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase

Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation 		VCVN1* -,37,1998


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value ceiling concentration 2 mg/m3 DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ARTODN 39,299,1978


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: RED Completed RBREV* -,326,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD air-ceiling concentration 2 mg/m3 DTLVS* 3,233,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 2 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 2 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 2 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 2 mg/m3 CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 2 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM short term exposure limit 2 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - JAPAN Occupational Exposure Limit( continuous) 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 2 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 2 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 0.5 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN TGV 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 2 mg/m3, KZG- week 4 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THAILAND time-weighted average 2 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 2 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM short term exposure limit 2 mg/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

ceiling concentration 2 mg/m3
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
ceiling concentration 2 mg/m3


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO SODIUM HYDROXIDE-air ceiling concentration 2 mg/m3/15 minute NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 69070;
Number of Industries 359;
Total Number of Facilities 112,525;
Number of Occupations 192;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,122,583
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: X3782;
Number of Industries 167;
Total Number of Facilities 21,989;
Number of Occupations 120;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 370,582;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 137,156
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 69070;
Number of Industries 426;
Total Number of Facilities 133,757;
Number of Occupations 246;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 2,819,743;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 995,960


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Alkaline dusts, 7401


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
28ZPAK "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku," Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC.
AJOPAA American Journal of Ophthalmology. (Ophthalmic Pub. Co., 435 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1415, Chicago, IL 60611) Series 3: V.1- 1918-
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
COREAF Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances, Academie des Sciences. (Paris, France) V.1-261, 1835-1965. For publisher information, see CRASEV.
CYTBAI Cytobios. (Faculty Press, 88 Regent St., Cambridge, UK) V.1- 1969-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
JIDEAE Journal of Investigative Dermatology. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1938-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NULSAK Nucleus (Calcutta). (Dr. A.K. Sharma, Centre of Advanced Studies in Cell and Chromosome Research, Calcutta, 35 Baliygunge Circular Rd., Calcutta 700 019, India) V.1- 1958-
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967-
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-
VCVN1* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva. Neorganicheskie soedinenia elementov I-IV groopp" (Hazardous substances. Inornanic substances containing I-IV group elements), Filov V.A., Chimia, 1988.

Top 50 chemical production: 24.02 billions lbs in 1992, 23.43 billions in 1991

NIOSH PROFILE (ELECTROPLATING), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (PULP AND PAPER MILLS), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (SEWAGE TREATMENT), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (SOLDER, MANUFACTURE AND USE), FIRL, 4/78

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Mutagen
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

ALT CAS #: 8012-01-9
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