The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Propionic acid

RTECS #: UE5950000

CAS #: 79-09-4

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 74.09 MF: C3H6O2


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  5. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  6. REVIEWS:
  7. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  8. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  9. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  10. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Acide propionique (French)
  2. Ethanecarboxylic acid
  3. Ethylformic acid
  4. Luprosil
  5. Metacetonic acid
  6. Methyl acetic acid
  7. Propanoic acid
  8. Carboxyethane
  1. Kyselina propionova (Czech)
  2. Propionic acid (ACGIH)
  3. Propionic acid grain preserver
  4. Prozoin
  5. Pseudoacetic acid
  6. Sentry grain preserver
  7. Tenox P grain preservative


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		990 µg severe UCDS** 3/24/1970
skin
rabbit 		495 mg open irritation test severe UCDS** 3/24/1970


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
sister chromatid exchange human lymphocyte 2,500 µmol/L MUREAV 279,75,1992


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intravenous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 625 mg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold APTOA6 18,141,1961
intravenous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 1,320 mg/kg N/R FAONAU 53A,110,1974
oral
mammal (species unspecified) 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,640 mg/kg N/R GISAAA 39(4),86,1974
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,600 mg/kg N/R FAONAU 53A,110,1974
parenteral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3,500 mg/kg N/R DEVEAA 26,5,1972
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 µL/kg N/R AIHAAP 23,95,1962
unreported route
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,370 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Excitement

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		GISAAA 35(3),96,1970
unreported route
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,510 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Excitement

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		GISAAA 35(3),96,1970
unreported route
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,900 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Excitement

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		GISAAA 35(3),96,1970


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 23 mg/m3/24 hour/30 day- continuous Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS

Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		GISAAA 47(4),10,1982
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 185,940 mg/kg/90 day- continuous Behavioral: Food intake (animal)

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of esophagus

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition 		FEREAC 68,1575,2003
oral
hamster 		lowest published toxic dose: 42 gm/kg/7 day- continuous Gastrointestinal: Other changes FCTOD7 29,367,1991
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 33,600 mg/kg/7 day- continuous Gastrointestinal: Other changes FCTOD7 29,367,1991
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 14 gm/kg/7 day- continuous Gastrointestinal: Other changes FCTOD7 29,367,1991
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 550 gm/kg/110 day- continuous Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach FEREAC 68,1575,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,752 gm/kg/2 year- continuous Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach FEREAC 68,1575,2003
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4,598 mg/kg/9 week- intermittent Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Blood: Other changes 		GISAAA 35(3),96,1970


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 10 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AMIHAB 21,100,1960


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 15 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 15 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 10 ppm, Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 31 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 20 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), KTV 15 ppm (45 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), KZG- week 20 ppm (60 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 10 ppm (31 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 15 ppm (46 mg/m3), SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

time-weighted average 10 ppm
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
time-weighted average 10 ppm


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO PROPIONIC ACID-air 10 hour time-weighted average 10 ppm;
short term exposure limit 15 ppm 		NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 62460;
Number of Industries 9;
Total Number of Facilities 429;
Number of Occupations 19;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 8,081
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 62460;
Number of Industries 30;
Total Number of Facilities 1,411;
Number of Occupations 42;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 31,092;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 8,489


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used in production of propionates and plastics, also used as grain preservative
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0892-9234
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958-
AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59, 1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH
DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
FAONAU FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series. (Rome, Italy) No.?-57, 1948-77. Discontinued.
FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet. (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury Rd., Danbury, CT 06817)

Used in production of propionates and plastics, also used as grain preservative

NIOSH PROFILE (ACIDS, ORGANIC), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (ACIDS, ORGANIC), SRC, 4/78

FDA-over the counter drug

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Mutagen
   Primary Irritant

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