The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

1,2 - Propanediol

RTECS #: TY2000000

CAS #: 57-55-6

UPDATE: August 2003 MW: 76.11 MF: C3H8O2


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1,2 - Dihydroxypropane
  2. 1,2 - Propylene glycol
  3. 1,2 - Propylenglykol (German)
  4. Dowfrost
  5. Methylethylene glycol
  6. Monopropylene glycol
  7. PG 12
  8. Propane - 1,2 - diol
  1. Propylene Glycol USP
  2. Propylene glycol
  3. Sirlene
  4. Solar Winter BAN
  5. Solargard P
  6. Ucar 35
  7. alpha - Propyleneglycol


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		100 mg mild FCTOD7 20,573,1982
eye
rabbit 		500 mg/24 hour mild 85JCAE -,206,1986
skin
child 		30%/96 hour- continuous moderate JAADDB 42,355,2000
skin
human 		500 mg/7 day mild JIDEAE 55,190,1970
skin
human 		104 mg/3 day- intermittent moderate 85DKA8 -,127,1977
skin
man 		10%/2 day JIDEAE 19,423,1952
skin
woman 		30%/96 hour open irritation test mild JAADDB 42,355,2000


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis hamster fibroblast 32 gm/L FCTOD7 22,623,1984
cytogenetic analysis subcutaneous
mouse 		8,000 mg/kg APMSBI 274,304,1981
DNA inhibition subcutaneous
mouse 		8,000 mg/kg APMSBI 274,304,1981


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg (11 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) KAIZAN 37,239,1962
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg (15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) KAIZAN 37,239,1962


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intramuscular
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 14 gm/kg N/R IAEC** 17JUN1974
intramuscular
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20,000 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,149,1984
intramuscular
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 6,300 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Coma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation 		JPETAB 44,109,1932
intramuscular
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 6,300 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,150,1984
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 9,718 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli

Blood: Changes in spleen 		FEPRA7 6,342,1947
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 11,400 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,149,1984
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6,660 mg/kg N/R KRKRDT 9,36,1981
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 19,500 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,149,1984
intravenous
chicken 		lowest published lethal dose: 27 gm/kg Vascular: Other changes JPETAB 60,312,1937
intravenous
dog 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 26 gm/kg N/R NTIS** PB280-477
intravenous
dog 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 26,000 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,150,1984
intravenous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6,630 mg/kg N/R ARZNAD 26,1581,1976
intravenous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8,000 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,149,1984
intravenous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6,423 mg/kg N/R ARZNAD 26,1581,1976
intravenous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6,800 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,149,1984
intravenous
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6,500 mg/kg N/R NTIS** PB280-477
intravenous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 4,200 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,150,1984
oral
child 		lowest published toxic dose: 79 gm/kg/56 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEG

Behavioral: General anesthetic

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold 		JOPDAB 93,515,1978
oral
dog 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 22 gm/kg N/R JIHTAB 21,173,1939
oral
dog 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 22,000 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,150,1984
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 18,350 mg/kg N/R JIHTAB 23,259,1941
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 19,000 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,150,1984
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 22 gm/kg N/R JPETAB 65,89,1939
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20,300 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,149,1984
oral
quail 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): >2,080 mg/kg N/R EESADV 6,149,1982
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20 gm/kg N/R TXAPA9 45,362,1978
oral
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 18,500 mg/kg N/R FAONAU 53A,491,1974
oral
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 20,000 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,150,1984
parenteral
infant 		lowest published toxic dose: 10 gm/kg/3 day- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes PEDIAU 72,353,1983
subcutaneous
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal dose: 15,500 mg/kg N/R NTIS** PB280-477
subcutaneous
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal dose: 15,500 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,150,1984
subcutaneous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 17,370 mg/kg Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis 		KRKRDT 8,46,1981
subcutaneous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 17,400 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,149,1984
subcutaneous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 22,500 mg/kg N/R IAEC** 17JUN1974
subcutaneous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 28,000 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,149,1984
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20,800 mg/kg N/R NPIRI* 1,101,1974
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20,800 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,150,1984


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2,180 mg/m3/6 hour/90 day- intermittent Behavioral: Food intake (animal)

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases 		FCTOD7 27,573,1989
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 3,650 mg/kg/2 year- intermittent Blood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Other hemolysis with or without anemia 		VCVGK* -,150,1994
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 88,269 mg/kg/30 day- intermittent Endocrine: Hyperglycemia

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		TSUMEZ 14,13,1995
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 84 mL/kg/30 day- continuous Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects 		VCVGK* -,150,1994
skin
human 		lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation VCVGK* -,150,1994
skin
human 		lowest published toxic dose: 4.5 mg/kg/3 day- intermittent Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation VCVGK* -,150,1994
skin
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 mL/kg/22 day- intermittent Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental) CODEDG 8,185,1982
skin
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,284,800 mg/kg/2 year- intermittent Skin and Appendages: Tumors VCVGK* -,150,1994


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AJMEAZ 38,409,1965


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: Supported RBREV* -,276,1998
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 150 ppm, total vapor and particulates, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, particulates, SEP2000


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 63525;
Number of Industries 323;
Total Number of Facilities 83,144;
Number of Occupations 224;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,494,465
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 63525;
Number of Industries 347;
Total Number of Facilities 92,966;
Number of Occupations 244;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 2,238,429;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 936,584


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/98/101108/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: SHE-clonal assay
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a solvent, emulsifier, food, feed additive, flavor, in manufacture of plastics
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Glycols, 5523


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85DKA8 "Cutaneous Toxicity, Proceedings of the 3rd Conference, 1976," Drill, V.A., and P. Lazar, eds., New York, Academic Press, Inc. 1977
85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986
AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946-
APMSBI Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica Scandinavica, Section A, Supplement. (Copenhagen, Denmark) No.210-274, 1970-81. For publisher information, see ACPADQ.
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951-
CODEDG Contact Dermatitis. Environmental and Occupational Dermatitis. (Munksgaard International Pub., c/o Publications Expediting Inc., 200 Meacham Ave., Elmont, NY 11003) V.1- 1975-
EESADV Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1977-
FAONAU FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series. (Rome, Italy) No.?-57, 1948-77. Discontinued.
FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982-
FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87.
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
IAEC** Interagency Collaborative Group on Environmental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Memorandum, June 17, 1974
JAADDB Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63141) 1979-
JIDEAE Journal of Investigative Dermatology. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1938-
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
JOPDAB Journal of Pediatrics. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63141) V.1- 1932-
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
KAIZAN Kaibogaku Zasshi. Journal of Anatomy. (Nippon Kaibo Gakkai, c/o Tokyo Daigaku Igakubu, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.1- 1928-
KRKRDT Kriobiologiya i Kriomeditsina. Cryobiology and Cryomedicine. (Izdatel'stvo Naukova Dumka, Kiev, USSR) No.1- 1975-
NPIRI* Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. (National Assoc. of Printing Ink Research Institute, Francis McDonald Sinclair Memorial Laboratory, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015)
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
PEDIAU Pediatrics. (American Academy of Pediatrics, P.O. Box 1034, Evanston, IL 60204) V.1- 1948-
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
TSUMEZ Toxic Substance Mechanisms. (Taylor & Francis, 1900 Frost Rd., Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007) V.14- 1995-
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
VCVGK* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994.

Used as a solvent, emulsifier, food, feed additive, flavor, in manufacture of plastics

NIOSH PROFILE (GLYCOLS), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (GLYCOLS), SRC, 2/82

FDA-over the counter drug

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Hormone
   Primary Irritant

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