The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Propane, 1,2 - dichloro -

RTECS #: TX9625000

CAS #: 78-87-5

UPDATE: November 2004 MW: 112.99 MF: C3H6Cl2


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  6. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  7. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  8. REVIEWS:
  9. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  10. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  11. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  12. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1,2 - Dichloropropane
  2. 1,2 - Dichloropropane (OSHA)
  3. Bichlorure de propylene (French)
  4. Dwuchloropropan (Polish)
  5. ENT 15,406
  6. NCI - C55141
  1. Propylene chloride
  2. Propylene dichloride (ACGIH:OSHA)
  3. RCRA waste number U083
  4. alpha,beta - Dichloropropane
  5. alpha,beta - Propylene dichloride


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		500 mg mild AIHAAP 30,470,1969


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 660 mg/L NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986
mutation in microorganisms mouse lymphocyte 11,600 µg/L (+enzymatic activation step) SCIEAS 236,933,1987
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 100 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 113 mg/L EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987
sister chromatid exchange hamster lung 3,300 µmol/L ENMUDM 9,401,1987


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,250 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female FAATDF 28,18,1995
oral
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,950 mg/kg (7-19 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female FAATDF 28,18,1995


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 130 gm/kg/2 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 64,375 mg/kg/103 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		NTIS** PB87-114443/AS
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 128,750 mg/kg/103 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		NTIS** PB87-114443/AS


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published lethal concentration: 1,000 ppm/2 hour N/R JIHTAB 28,1,1946
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10,500 mg/m3/2 hour Behavioral: General anesthetic VCVGH* -,307,1990
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 14 gm/m3/8 hour N/R AIHAAP 20,364,1959
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 300 ppm/8 hour N/R VCVGH* -,395,1990
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10,500 mg/m3 Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough VCVGH* -,395,1990
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,100 mg/kg N/R ARTODN 63,445,1989
oral
dog 		lowest published lethal dose: 5 gm/kg Behavioral: Sleep

Liver: Other changes 		AJHYA2 16,325,1932
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2 gm/kg N/R FMCHA2 -,C253,1991
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 860 mg/kg N/R VCVGH* -,395,1990
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,900 mg/kg N/R VCVGH* -,395,1990
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8,750 µL/kg N/R UCDS** 7/28/1966
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8,750 mg/kg N/R VCVGH* -,395,1990
unreported route
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 960 mg/kg Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach

Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from small intestine 		ESKGA2 28,P31,1982


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
dog 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,000 ppm/7 hour/26 week- intermittent Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Endocrine: Other changes 		JIHTAB 28(1),1,1946
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,500 ppm/7 hour/8 week- intermittent Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Endocrine: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JIHTAB 28(1),1,1946
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/7 hour/7 week- intermittent Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JIHTAB 30(3),189,1948
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/7 hour/120 day- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field VCVGH* -,395,1990
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 9 mg/m3/24 hour/94 day- continuous Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase 		GISAAA 42(8),50,1977
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/24 hour/60 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases 		GISAAA 47(10),21,1982
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,000 ppm/7 hour/20 week- intermittent Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Blood: Changes in spleen

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JIHTAB 28(1),1,1946
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/30 day- continuous Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases VCVGH* -,395,1990
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/60 day- continuous Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases VCVGH* -,395,1990
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/90 day- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Blood: Hemorrhage 		VCVGH* -,395,1990
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,500 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases 		ARTODN 63,445,1989
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,400 mg/kg/4 week- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases 		ARTODN 63,445,1989
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 28 gm/kg/14 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 32,500 mg/kg/13 week- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 435 mg/kg/30 day- intermittent Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes 		RCTOE4 104,93,1988
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 28 gm/kg/14 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 109 mg/kg/26 week- intermittent Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases 		GISAAA 39(1),94,1974
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 16,250 mg/kg/13 week- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		FAATDF 12,713,1989


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 75 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value short term exposure limit 110 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT 41,131,1986
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT 71,1393,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT 41,131,1986
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT 71,1393,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 3 IMEMDT 71,1393,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
PAREAQ 4,1,1952
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 543,201,2003


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) DTLVS* 3,218,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 110 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 75 ppm (347 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 110 ppm (509 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 115 ppm (530 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - HUNGARY time-weighted average 50 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 100 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 350 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 40 ppm (185 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 50 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 400 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), KZG- week 375 ppm (1750 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 74 ppm (350 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

short term exposure limit 110 ppm
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
short term exposure limit 110 ppm


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO PROPYLENE DICHLORIDE-air Carcinogen lowest feasible conc. NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 24390;
Number of Industries 13;
Total Number of Facilities 653;
Number of Occupations 15;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 9,601
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 24390;
Number of Industries 6;
Total Number of Facilities 116;
Number of Occupations 15;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 2,944;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1,022


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/90/182122/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE FEREAC 47,26992,82
Used as an agricultural chemical and pesticide
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Propylene dichloride, 1013
NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);some evidence:mouse NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);equivocal evidence:mouse,rat


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958-
AJHYA2 American Journal of Hygiene. (Baltimore, MD) V.1-80, 1921-64. For publisher information, see AJEPAS.
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG.
ESKGA2 Eisei Kagaku. Hygienic Chemistry. (Nippon Yakugakkai, 2-12-15 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1953-
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-40, 1981-97. For publisher information, see TOSCF2
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
FMCHA2 Farm Chemicals Handbook. (Meister Pub., 37841 Euclid Ave., Willoughy, OH 44094)
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-
PAREAQ Pharmacological Reviews. (Williams & Wilkins, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1949-
RCTOE4 Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.98- 1987-
SCIEAS Science. (American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, 1333 H St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1895-
UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet. (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury Rd., Danbury, CT 06817)
VCVGH* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogenproisvodnie uglevodorodov". (Hazardous substances: Galogenated hydrocarbons) Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1990.

Used as an agricultural chemical and pesticide

NIOSH PROFILE (1,2-DICHLOROPROPANE), SRI, 2/77

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Primary Irritant

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