RTECS:QX1350000 The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH

The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Nitrogen oxide

RTECS #: QX1350000

CAS #: 10024-97-2

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 44.02 MF: N₂O

NOTE:

TOXICITY DATA HAVE NOT BEEN EVALUATED. OMISSION OF A SUBSTANCE OR NOTATION DOES NOT IMPLY ANY RELIEF FROM REGULATORY RESPONSIBILITY.

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

SYNONYMS:

MUTATION DATA:

REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:

OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:

REVIEWS:

STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

Dinitrogen monoxide

Factitious air

Hyponitrous acid anhydride

Laughing gas

Nitrous oxide

Nitrous oxide (ACGIH:OSHA)

SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/
ORGANISM DOSE
EFFECT

REFERENCE
N/R
N/R N/R N/R

MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:
SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE DOSE REFERENCE
DNA inhibition inhalation
human 50 pph/24 hour LANCAO 2,339,1978
DNA inhibition inhalation
rat 75,000 ppm/24 hour AACRAT 62,738,1983
other mutation test systems inhalation
rat 50 pph/2 day- continuous TCMUD8 8,107,1988
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction inhalation
Drosophila melanogaster 99 pph/6 minute- continuous ENVRAL 7,286,1974

REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/
ORGANISM DOSE
EFFECT

REFERENCE
inhalation
hamster lowest published toxic concentration: 90 pph/24 hour (10 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) CJPPA3 57,1229,1979
inhalation
hamster lowest published toxic concentration: 95 pph/24 hour (7 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) CJPPA3 57,1229,1979
inhalation
mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 75 pph/6 hour (14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) TJADAB 32,26A,1985
inhalation
mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 5,000 ppm/4 hour (14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral NTOTDY 8,189,1986
inhalation
rat lowest published toxic concentration: 5 pph/4 hour (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral TJADAB 31,6B,1985
inhalation
rat lowest published toxic concentration: 20 pph/8 hour (28 day male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct ANESAV 44,104,1976
inhalation
rat lowest published toxic concentration: 50 pph/24 hour (8-11 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system NATUAS 214,146,1967
inhalation
rat lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/6 hour (30 day male) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) ANASAB 38,319,1983
inhalation
rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1 pph/8 hour (1-21 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death ANESAV 48,11,1978
inhalation
rat lowest published toxic concentration: 50 pph/4 hour (14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic DPTHDL 8,43,1985
inhalation
rat lowest published toxic concentration: 0.1 pph (1-19 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death

Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities VCVN5* -,31,1989
subcutaneous
rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 gm/kg (8 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system TJADAB 43,151,1991
subcutaneous
rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 gm/kg (8 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system TJADAB 43,151,1991

TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/
ORGANISM DOSE
EFFECT

REFERENCE
N/R
N/R N/R N/R

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/
ORGANISM DOSE
EFFECT

REFERENCE
inhalation
dog lowest published toxic concentration: 47 pph/1 hour Blood: Other changes AANEAB 46,699,2002
inhalation
human lowest published toxic concentration: 24 mg/kg/2 hour Behavioral: General anesthetic

Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease BJANAD 35,631,1963
inhalation
rat lowest published toxic concentration: 60 mg/m³ Liver: Multiple effects VCVN5* -,31,1993

OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:
ROUTE/
ORGANISM DOSE
EFFECT

REFERENCE
inhalation
hamster lowest published toxic concentration: 90 mg/m³/24 hour/10 week- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field VCVN5* -,31,1989
inhalation
mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/6 hour/13 week- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count TIHEEC 6,57,1990

REVIEWS:
ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 50 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL 7,93,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CLPTAT 8,91,1967
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AACRAT 57,328,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
XPHBAO 272,1,1941

STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE

Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD ASPHYXIANTS/GASES DTLWS* 3,25,1973
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) simple asphyxiant-inert gases and vapors CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) Simple asphyxiant - inert gas and vapor CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 50 ppm (90 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 100 ppm, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 100 ppm (200 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 100 ppm (180 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 100 ppm (180 mg/m³), KTV 500 ppm (900 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 100 ppm (200 mg/m³), KZG- week 200 ppm (400 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 100 ppm (183 mg/m³), SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 152 mg/m³, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen

NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO NITROUS OXIDE-air time-weighted average 25 ppm for duration of exposure NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 51118;
Number of Industries 45;
Total Number of Facilities 5,599;
Number of Occupations 36;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 113,333
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 51118;
Number of Industries 25;
Total Number of Facilities 5,145;
Number of Occupations 34;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 112,585;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 74,465

STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE

EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: V79 cell culture-gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as an anesthetic gas
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Nitrous oxide, 6600
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID166

REFERENCES:
CODEN
REFERENCE

AACRAT Anesthesia and Analgesia (New York). (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.36- 1957-
AANEAB Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. (Munksgaard International Pub., POB 2148, DK-1016 Copenhagen K, Denmark) V.1- 1957-
ANASAB Anaesthesia. (Academic Press Inc. Ltd., 24-28 Oval Rd., London NW1 7DX, UK) V.1- 1946-
ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940-
BJANAD British Journal of Anesthesia. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1923-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
CJPPA3 Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. (National Research Council of Canada, Publication Sales and Distribution, Ottawa ON K1A OR6, Canada) V.42- 1964-
CLPTAT Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, St. Louis Mo Mosby-Year Book) V.1- 1960-
DPTHDL Developmental Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (S. Karger Pub., Inc., 79 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1980-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8.
ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967-
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979-
LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823-
NATUAS Nature. (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736) V.1- 1869-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTOTDY Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology. (Fayetteville, NY) V.3-8, 1981-86. For publisher information, see NETEEC.
TCMUD8 Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1980-
TIHEEC Toxicology and Industrial Health. (Princeton Scientific Pub. Co., POB 2155, Princeton, NJ 08540) V.1- 1985-
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
VCVN5* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva. Neorganicheskie soedinenia elementov V-VII groopp" (Hazardous substances. Inornanic substances containing V-VII group elements), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1989.
XPHBAO U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Bulletin. (Washington, DC)

Used as an anesthetic gas

NIOSH PROFILE (DIESEL EMISSIONS), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (FIREFIGHTING), FIRL, 4/78

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Drug
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data

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