The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Nickel (II) sulfate (1:1)

RTECS #: QR9350000

CAS #: 7786-81-4

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 154.77 MF: O4S•Ni


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  6. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  7. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  8. REVIEWS:
  9. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  10. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  11. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  12. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. NCI - C60344
  2. Nickelous sulfate
  3. Nickel sulfate
  4. Nickel sulfate (1:1)
  1. Nickel (II) sulfate
  2. Nickel (2+) sulfate (1:1)
  3. Sulfuric acid, nickel (2+) salt
  4. Sulfuric acid, nickel (2+) salt (1:1)


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
skin
child 		5%/48 hour ARDEAC 87,378,1963
skin
human 		5%/48 hour CODEDG 12,93,1985
skin
rabbit 		5% VCVN5* -,499,1989


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis hamster other cell types 100 µmol/L/24 hour MUREAV 492,39,2001
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 320 µmol/L/24 hour MOCAT* 18,133,2003
cytogenetic analysis human kidney 5 mg/L PAACA3 27,136,1986
DNA adduct intratracheal
rat 		5 mg/kg EVHPAZ 110,789,2002
DNA damage inhalation
rat 		0.3 µg/L/5 day/3 week- intermittent TOXID9 72,299,2003
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 100 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 117,149,1983
micronucleus test hamster other cell types 200 µmol/L/24 hour MUREAV 492,39,2001
micronucleus test human fibroblast 200 µmol/L/24 hour MUREAV 490,99,2001
gene conversion and mitotic recombination Saccharomyes cerevisiae 100 mmol/L MUREAV 117,149,1983
morphological transform hamster embryo 380 µmol/L CNREA8 39,193,1979
morphological transform human fibroblast 10 µmol/L CNREA8 47,3815,1987
morphological transform human kidney 5 mg/L CNREA8 49,1829,1989
sister chromatid exchange human leukocyte 23 µmol/L DMBUAE 27,40,1980
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction human kidney 5 mg/L CNREA8 49,1829,1989
specific locus test hamster ovary 320 µmol/L/24 hour MOCAT* 18,133,2003


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg (5 week male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) BECTA6 64,161,2000


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
implant
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 95 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application 		PAACA3 5,50,1964


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20,894 µg/kg N/R COREAF 256,1043,1963
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 mg/kg Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease 		GTPZAB 23(6),48,1979
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 32 mg/kg N/R VCVN5* -,489,1989
intravenous
dog 		lowest published lethal dose: 38 mg/kg N/R JOHYAY 8,565,1908
intravenous
mouse 		lowest published lethal dose: 7,640 µg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Fluid intake

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria 		FATOAO 23,549,1960
intravenous
mouse 		lowest published lethal dose: 2.9 mg/kg N/R VCVN5* -,491,1989
intravenous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 33 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease 		JOHYAY 8,565,1908
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) VCVN5* -,491,1989
oral
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 172 mg/kg N/R VCVN5* -,491,1989
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 98 mg/kg Eye: Lacrimation

Behavioral: Excitement

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) 		VCVN5* -,491,1989
subcutaneous
cat 		lowest published lethal dose: 24 mg/kg Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		JOHYAY 8,565,1908
subcutaneous
dog 		lowest published lethal dose: 38 mg/kg N/R JOHYAY 8,565,1908
subcutaneous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 33 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease 		JOHYAY 8,565,1908


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/4 hour/39 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi GTPZAB 23(6),48,1979
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.3 mg/m3/3 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation 		TOXID9 72,299,2003
intramuscular
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 271 mg/kg/26 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse

Endocrine: Other changes 		ACLSCP 21,275,1991
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 71,226 mg/kg/26 week- continuous Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight

Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight

Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response 		JTEHD6 24,357,1988
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 240 mg/kg/60 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases 		WDZAEK 8,1,1994
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4,798 mg/kg/26 week- continuous Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight 		HETOEA 13,689,1994
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 14 mg/kg/2 week- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		TOXID9 30,177,1996
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2 gm/kg/20 day- intermittent Endocrine: Hyperglycemia GTPZAB 23(6),48,1979


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3 DTLVS* TLV/BEI,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 49,257,1990
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT 49,257,1990
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 566,21,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
85DHAX Ni,168,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CREOH* 42,35,2002


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 1 mg(Ni)/m3 DTLVS* 3,178,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - ARAB Republic of Egypt time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 1 mg(Ni)/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3, Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 1 mg(Ni)/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - HUNGARY short term exposure limit 0.005 mg(Ni)/m3, Carcinogen (insoluble compounds), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 1 mg(Ni)/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 0.25 mg(Ni)/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 0.05 mg(Ni)/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THAILAND time-weighted average 1 mg(Ni)/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO NICKEL, INORGANIC-air Carcinogen;
10 hour time-weighted average 0.015 mg(Ni)/m3 		NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 50510;
Number of Industries 53;
Total Number of Facilities 2,205;
Number of Occupations 26;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 13,210
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 50510;
Number of Industries 67;
Total Number of Facilities 3,480;
Number of Occupations 45;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 56,844;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 12,029


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used in plating baths, and as an intermediate in the production of NICKEL AMMONIUM SULPHATE
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Known to be human carcinogen


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77
ACLSCP Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science. (1833 Delancey Pl., Philadelphia, PA 19103) V.1- 1971-
ARDEAC Archives of Dermatology. (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.82- 1960-
BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1966-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941-
CODEDG Contact Dermatitis. Environmental and Occupational Dermatitis. (Munksgaard International Pub., c/o Publications Expediting Inc., 200 Meacham Ave., Elmont, NY 11003) V.1- 1975-
COREAF Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances, Academie des Sciences. (Paris, France) V.1-261, 1835-1965. For publisher information, see CRASEV.
CREOH* Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology (Elsevier Science, P.O.Box 7247-7682,Philadelphia,PA 19170 -7682,USA OR Elsevier Science B.V.,P.O.Box 1270,1000 BG Amsterdam,The Netherlands) V. 1- 1983-
DMBUAE Danish Medical Bulletin. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-18, 1954-71.
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972-
FATOAO Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya (Moscow). For English translation, see PHTXA6 and RPTOAN. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.2- 1939-
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
HETOEA Human & Experimental Toxicology. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Brunel Road, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG21 2XS, UK) V.9- 1990-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
JOHYAY Journal of Hygiene. (Cambridge Univ. Press, 32 E. 57th St., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1901-
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
MOCAT* Molecular Cancer Therapeutics (Philadelphia, PA : American Association for Cancer Research) V.1- 2001-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
PAACA3 Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. (Waverly Press, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1954-
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
VCVN5* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva. Neorganicheskie soedinenia elementov V-VII groopp" (Hazardous substances. Inornanic substances containing V-VII group elements), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1989.
WDZAEK Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi. Journal of Health Toxicology. (Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi Bianjibu, Dongdaqiao, Chaoyang Menwai, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.1- 1987

Used in plating baths, and as an intermediate in the production of NICKEL AMMONIUM SULPHATE

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Organometallic
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

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