The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Mercury

RTECS #: OV4550000

CAS #: 7439-97-6

UPDATE: February 2005 MW: 200.59 MF: Hg


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Colloidal mercury
  2. Hydrargyrum
  3. KWIK (Dutch)
  4. Liquid silver
  5. Mercure (French)
  6. Mercurio (Italian)
  7. Mercury (ACGIH:OSHA)
  1. Mercury fume
  2. Metallic mercury
  3. NCI - C60399
  4. Quecksilber (German)
  5. Quick silver
  6. RCRA waste number U151
  7. RTEC (Polish)


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis unreported route
man 		150 µg/m3 AEHLAU 34,461,1979
DNA damage inhalation
mouse 		2.71 µg/L/1 hour TOXID9 72(Supp 1),360,2003


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 146 µg/m3/2 hour (9 week male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Other effects on male 		WDZAEK 6,142,1992
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 890 ng/m3/24 hour (16 week male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) GISAAA 45(3),72,1980
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 7,440 ng/m3/24 hour (16 week male) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) GISAAA 45(3),72,1980
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 mg/m3/24 hour (1-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TJADAB 35,59A,1987
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 300 µg/m3/4 hour (7-21 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system BRREAP 778,222,1997


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg/14 day- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application 		ZEKBAI 61,511,1957


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
dog 		lowest published lethal concentration: 15 mg/m3/8 hour N/R VCVN1* -,175,1988
inhalation
man 		lowest published toxic concentration: 44,300 µg/m3/8 hour Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Liver: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase 		JJOMDZ 20,532,1978
inhalation
man 		lowest published toxic concentration: 5 mg/m3/3 hour Behavioral: Tremor

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase 		VCVN1* -,176,1988
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2.71 mg/m3/1 hour Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation 		TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),360,2003
inhalation
rat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 30 mg/m3 N/R HBPTO* 2,1369,2001
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published lethal concentration: 29 mg/m3/30 hour N/R AMIHBC 7,19,1953
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published lethal concentration: 30 mg/m3 N/R HBPTO* 2,1369,2001
inhalation
woman 		lowest published toxic concentration: 150 µg/m3/46 day Behavioral: Wakefulness

Behavioral: Anorexia (human)

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea 		AEHLAU 33,186,1978
intravenous
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 571 µL/kg Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Paresthesia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Skin and Appendages: Other: Sweating 		SMJOAV 90,1033,1997
multiple
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 86 µL/kg Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Pulmonary emboli

Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other 		JTCTDW 38,254,2000
multiple
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 85,700 µL/kg Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed 		JTCTDW 39,733,2001
multiple
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 0.86 mL/kg Cardiac: Change in rate

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Pulmonary emboli

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		CTOXAO 39,733,2001
oral
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 43 mg/kg Behavioral: Tremor

Liver: Jaundice, other or unclassified

Liver: Other changes 		JTCTDW 31,487,1993
subcutaneous
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 254 mg/kg Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other CTOXAO 2,243,1969
subcutaneous
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 714 µL/kg Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other JTCTDW 38,441,2000
skin
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 129 mg/kg/5 hour- continuous Ear: Tinnitus

Behavioral: Headache

Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, allergic 		DERAAC 172,48,1986


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
dog 		lowest published toxic concentration: 12.5 mg/m3/8 hour/6 day- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field VCVN1* -,175,1988
inhalation
dog 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.5 mg/m3/60 day- intermittent Behavioral: Muscle weakness VCVN1* -,176,1988
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/2 hour/3 day- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field VCVN1* -,175,1988
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 3.5 mg/m3/4 day- continuous Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field VCVN1* -,175,1988
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.2 mg/m3/26 week- intermittent Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Irritability

Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP 		VCVN1* -,177,1988
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 0.35 mg/m3/3 year- intermittent Behavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Irritability

Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP 		VCVN1* -,178,1988
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4 mg/m3/2 hour/11 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes 		TOXID9 42,193,1998
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 mg/m3/24 hour/5 week- continuous Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria TXCYAC 79,119,1993
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 8 µg/m3/6.5 hour/41 week- intermittent Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning GISAAA 27(1),7,1962
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 17 mg/m3/2 hour/30 day- continuous Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning 		TXAPA9 12,15,1968
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 17 mg/m3/30 day- intermittent Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests HBPTO* 2,1370,2001
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 mg/m3/11 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes JJATDK 22,167,2002
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2 mg/m3/12 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other 		JJATDK 22,167,2002
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 8.3 mg/m3/5 day- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins ARTODN 77,12,2003
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 mg/m3/2 hour/11 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Effect on specific coenzyme: Disturbed regulation 		JAPTO* 22,167,2002
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2 mg/m3/2 hour/11 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other 		JAPTO* 22,167,2002
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 840 µg/kg/14 day- continuous Behavioral: Food intake (animal)

Behavioral: Fluid intake 		TOXID9 72,14,2003
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 105 mg/kg/14 day- continuous Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		TOXID9 72,14,2003
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 4,200 µg/kg/14 day- continuous Blood: Changes in spleen TOXID9 72,14,2003
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 21 mg/kg/14 day- continuous Endocrine: Other changes TOXID9 72,14,2003
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 3.6 mg/kg/18 day- continuous Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Autoimmune (multiple organ involvement) 		EVHPAZ 110,877,2002
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 7 mg/kg/10 week- continuous Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Autoimmune (multiple organ involvement) 		EVHPAZ 110,877,2002


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 0.025 mg/m3 (skin) DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 0.01 mg(Hg)/m3 (skin);short term exposure limit 0.03 mg( hour DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 58,239,1993
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 58,239,1993
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 3 IMEMDT 58,239,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AJOGAH 126,390,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
JTEHD6 2,491,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TRBMAV 33,85,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
PHJOAV 213,159,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
JDSCAE 58,1767,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CPEDAM 13,783,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
QURBAW 7,75,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AEMBAP 48,463,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
JAVMA4 164,277,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CRTXB2 2,365,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AEMBAP 40,239,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CTOXAO 5,151,1972
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
BIOGAL 41(7),208,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ADTEAS 5,51,1972
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
RREVAH 42,103,1972
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
FOREAE 7,313,1942
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
NISIA9 27,942,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MIBUBI 9,321,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
STEVA8 2,341,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ENVRAL 13,36,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
85CVA2 5,63,1970
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
JOCMA7 2,337,1960
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 140-141,161,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
PEXTAR 12,102,1969
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
PDTNBH 6,204,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
49DXAV -,57,1983
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 134,3,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 134,17,2002


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) ceiling concentration 0.1 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Hg)/m3 , vapor (skin) CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) ceiling concentration 0.1 mg/m3,vapor (skin) CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - ARAB Republic of Egypt time-weighted average 0.05 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 0.005 ppm (0.05 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 0.05 mg(Hg)/m3, Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 0.05 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 0.05 mg/m3, Skin (vapor), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 0.01 ppm (0.1 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 0.05 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - JAPAN Occupational Exposure Limit 0.05 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 0.05 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) vapors 0.025 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) vapors 0.2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 0.05 mg/m3 (vapor), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.005 ppm (0.05 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.01 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 0.025 mg(Hg)/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO MERCURY, ARYL AND INORGANIC-air ceiling concentration 0.1 mg/m3 (Sk) NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO MERCURY, vapor (as Hg)-air 10 hour time-weighted average 0.05 mg/m3 (Sk) NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 44870;
Number of Industries 32;
Total Number of Facilities 2,072;
Number of Occupations 36;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 15,002
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 44870;
Number of Industries 42;
Total Number of Facilities 2,937;
Number of Occupations 67;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 71,932;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 23,826


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/99/142416)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a catalyst, to control instrument, in dental applications, and in pharmaceuticals
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Mercury, 6009
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Mercury, 6009
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID145


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
49DXAV "Health Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Infant Formula and Junior Food, Proceedings of the Symposium, 1981," Schmidt, E.H.F., and A.G. Hildebrandt, eds., Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1983
85CVA2 "Oncology 1970, Proceedings of the Tenth International Cancer Congress," Chicago, Year Book Medical Pub., 1971
ADTEAS Advances in Teratology. (New York, NY) V.1-5, 1966-72. Discontinued.
AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960-
AEMBAP Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.1- 1967-
AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146) V.1- 1920-
AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
BIOGAL Biologico. (Instituto Biologica, Av. Cons. Rodriques Alves, 1252, CEP 04014, Sao Paulo, Brazil) V.1- 1935-
BRREAP Brain Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1966-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
CPEDAM Clinical Pediatrics (Philadelphia). (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1962-
CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971-
CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW.
DERAAC Dermatologica. (S. Karger Pub., Inc., 79 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10003) V.79- 1939-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967-
EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972-
FOREAE Food Research. (Champaign, IL) V.1-25, 1936-60. For publisher information, see JFDSAZ.
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
HBPTO* Handbook of pesticide toxicology. Robert Krieger ed, Academic press, 2001
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
JAPTO* Journal of Applied Toxicology (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Oldlands Way Bognor Regis West Sussex, PO22 9SA England) V.1- 1981-
JAVMA4 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. (American Veterinary Medical Assoc., 930 N. Meacham Rd., Schaumburg, IL 60196) V.48- 1915-
JDSCAE Journal of Dairy Science. (American Dairy Science Assoc., 309 W. Clark St., Champaign, IL 61820) V.1- 1917-
JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981-
JJOMDZ JOM, Journal of Occupational Medicine. (American Occupational Medicine Assoc., 150 N. Wacker Dr., Chicago, IL 60606) V.10- 1968-
JOCMA7 Journal of Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.1-9, 1957-67. For publisher information, see:JJOMDZ
JTCTDW Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.19- 1982-
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
MIBUBI Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni. Bulletin of Microbiology. (c/o Dr. A. Tevfik Cenqiz, Ankara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dah, Ankara, Turkey) V.1- 1967-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NISIA9 Nippon Shika Ishikai Zasshi. Journal of the Japan Dental Association. (Nippon Shika Ishikai, 1-20 Kudan-kita, 4-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102 Japan) V.1- 1948-
PDTNBH Paediatrician. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1972-
PEXTAR Progress in Experimental Tumor Research. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1960-
PHJOAV Pharmaceutical Journal. (Pharmaceutical Soc. of Great Britain, 1 Lambeth High St., London, SE1 7JN, UK) V.131- 1933-
QURBAW Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics. (Cambridge Univ. Press, The Edinburgh Bldg., Shaftesbury Rd., Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK) V.1- 1968-
RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962-
SMJOAV Southern Medical Journal. (Southern Medical Assoc., POB 2446, Birmingham, AL 35205) V.1- 1908-
STEVA8 Science of the Total Environment. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1972-
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
TRBMAV Texas Reports on Biology and Medicine. (Galveston, TX) V.1-41(2), 1943-81/82. Discontinued.
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-
VCVN1* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva. Neorganicheskie soedinenia elementov I-IV groopp" (Hazardous substances. Inornanic substances containing I-IV group elements), Filov V.A., Chimia, 1988.
WDZAEK Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi. Journal of Health Toxicology. (Weisheng Dulixue Zazhi Bianjibu, Dongdaqiao, Chaoyang Menwai, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.1- 1987
ZEKBAI Zeitschrift fuer Krebsforschung. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-75, 1903-71. For publisher information, see JCROD7.

Used as a catalyst, to control instrument, in dental applications, and in pharmaceuticals

NIOSH PROFILE (DENTISTRY), SRC, 2/80

NIOSH PROFILE (JEWELRY MANUFACTURING), SRC,

NIOSH PROFILE (PETROLEUM REFINING), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (SMELTERS, SECONDARY NON-FERROUS), SRI, 2/77

FDA-over the counter drug

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Tumorigen
   Drug
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data

ALT CAS #: 8030-64-6
ALT CAS #: 51887-47-9
ALT CAS #: 92355-34-5
ALT CAS #: 92786-62-4
ALT CAS #: 123720-03-6
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