The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Hypochlorous acid, sodium salt

RTECS #: NH3486300

CAS #: 7681-52-9

UPDATE: February 2005 MW: 74.44 MF: ClO•Na


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  5. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  6. REVIEWS:
  7. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  8. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  9. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  10. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Antiformin
  2. Chloros
  3. Chlorox
  4. Clorox
  5. Hypochlorite solution containing >7% avaliable chlorine by wt. (UN1791)
  6. B - K liquid
  7. Carrel - dakin solution
  8. Dakins solution
  9. Deosan
  10. Hyclorite
  11. Javex
  1. Klorocin
  2. Milton
  3. Neo - cleaner
  4. Neoseptal CL
  5. Purin B
  6. Sodium chloride oxide
  7. Sodium hypochlorite
  8. Sodium oxychloride
  9. Parozone
  10. Surchlor


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		10 mg moderate TXAPA9 55,501,1980
eye
rabbit 		1.31 mg mild JTPAE7 29,308,2001
skin
human 		4%/48 hour JIDEAE 11,45,1984


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis hamster lung 100 mg/L ATSUDG 4,41,1980
cytogenetic analysis human lymphocyte 100 ppm/24 hour ARMCAH 21,409,1970
cytogenetic analysis multiple
non-mammalian species 		120 µg/L MUREAV 319,223,1993
DNA damage Escherichia coli 420 µmol/L AIPAAV 114,595,1968
DNA damage non-mammalian species other cell types 10 mg/L/1 hour MUREAV 537,81,2003
DNA damage multiple
other fish 		1.24 mg/l/3 hour MUREAV 557,119,2004
DNA inhibition human fibroblast 0.5 pph CBINA8 139,265,2002
DNA repair Escherichia coli 20 µg/disc MUREAV 41,61,1976
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 1 mg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) AMONDS 3,253,1980
micronucleus test multiple
non-mammalian species 		200 ppb MUTAEX 4,170,1989
micronucleus test multiple
other fish 		0.55 mg/l/20 day- continuous MUREAV 557,119,2004
phage inhibition capacity Escherichia coli 103 µg/well MUREAV 260,349,1991
sister chromatid exchange human embryo 149 mg/L SNSHBT (20),574,1980


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 65.12 µg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression

Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases 		JJATDK 20,431,2000
intravenous
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 45 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		AEMED3 21,1394,1992
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5,800 mg/kg Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Gastrointestinal: Other changes 		SKEZAP 27,553,1986
oral
woman 		lowest published toxic dose: 1 gm/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Skin: After topical application: Corrosive 		HUTODJ 7,37,1988


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 47.96 mg/kg/11 day- intermittent Blood: Tumors

Immunological Including Allergic: Autoimmune (multiple organ involvement) 		JJATDK 20,431,2000
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 26.05 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Blood: Tumors

Immunological Including Allergic: Autoimmune (multiple organ involvement) 		JJATDK 20,431,2000
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 26.05 mg/kg/9 day- intermittent Blood: Tumors

Immunological Including Allergic: Autoimmune (multiple organ involvement) 		JJATDK 20,431,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 140 mg/kg/9 week- continuous Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport 		TXCYAC 44,257,1987


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 52,159,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Available Data IMEMDT 52,159,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 3 IMEMDT 52,159,1991
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 564,179,2004


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: RED Completed RBREV* -,148,1998


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 69090;
Number of Industries 202;
Total Number of Facilities 70,228;
Number of Occupations 111;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 556,864
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 69090;
Number of Industries 168;
Total Number of Facilities 23,747;
Number of Occupations 132;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 562,423;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 265,913


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro cytogenetics-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro cytogenetics-human lymphocyte
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a household bleach and also as a disinfectant by intravenous drug users
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AEMED3 Annals of Emergency Medicine. (American College of Emergency Physicians, 1125 Executive Circle, Irving, TX 75038)
AIPAAV Annales de l'Institut Pasteur (Paris). (Paris, France) V.1-123, 1887-1972. For publisher information, see ANMBCM.
AMONDS Applied Methods in Oncology. (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.1- 1978-
ARMCAH Annual Review of Medicine. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.1- 1950-
ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) No.1- 1978-
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
HUTODJ Human Toxicology. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants., RG 21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1981-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
JIDEAE Journal of Investigative Dermatology. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1938-
JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981-
JTPAE7 Journal of Toxicologic Pathology. (Nihon Dokusei Byori Gakkai, editor, 3-25-8 Nishi- shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, Japan) V.1- 1988
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986-
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
SKEZAP Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi. Food Hygiene Journal. (Nippon Shokuhin Eisei Gakkai c/o Shokuhin Eisei Senta, 2-6-1 Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1960-
SNSHBT Senshokutai. Chromosome. (Sensyokutai Gakkai, Kaokusai Kirisutokyo Daigaku, Mitaka, Tokyo-to, Japan) No.1- 1946- Adopted new numbering in 1976.
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-

Used as a household bleach and also as a disinfectant by intravenous drug users

NIOSH PROFILE (PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING), FIRL, 4/78

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

ALT CAS #: 8007-59-8
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