The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances
Hydrazine, 1,1 - dimethyl - |
UPDATE: May 2005 | MW: 60.12 | MF: C2H8N2 |
SYNONYMS: | |
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SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES: | |||
ROUTE/ ORGANISM | DOSE |
EFFECT | REFERENCE |
N/R | N/R | N/R | N/R |
MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES: | |||
SYSTEM TEST |
ROUTE/ ORGANISM/ TISSUE | DOSE | REFERENCE |
DNA damage | Escherichia coli | 1 祄ol/L | ARTODN 46,277,1980 |
DNA damage | human fibroblast | 300 祄ol/L | ENMUDM 7,267,1985 |
DNA damage |
intraperitoneal mouse | 3,500 祄ol/kg | CNREA8 41,1469,1981 |
DNA damage |
oral mouse | 50 mg/kg | MUREAV 415,1,1998 |
DNA damage | rat liver | 30 祄ol/L | MUREAV 113,357,1983 |
DNA inhibition |
oral mouse | 200 mg/kg | MUREAV 46,305,1977 |
DNA inhibition | mouse Ascites tumor | 1,100 祄ol/L | JJATDK 1,243,1981 |
DNA repair | Bacillus subtilis | 6 mg/disc | MUREAV 97,1,1982 |
DNA repair | Escherichia coli | 600 礸/disc | MUREAV 97,1,1982 |
DNA repair | mouse liver | 100 祄ol/L | JJCREP 79,204,1988 |
unscheduled DNA synthesis |
intraperitoneal rat | 60 mg/kg | CANCAR 36,2364,1975 |
host-mediated assay |
mouse
Salmonella typhimurium | 125 mg/kg | JJIND8 62,911,1979 |
mutation in microorganisms | Aspergillus nidulans | 198 礸/plate (-enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 80,265,1981 |
mutation in microorganisms | Escherichia coli | 20 祄ol/L (-enzymatic activation step) | ARTODN 46,277,1980 |
mutation in microorganisms | Salmonella typhimurium | 42 祄ol/plate (+enzymatic activation step) | CNREA8 41,1469,1981 |
mutation in microorganisms | Salmonella typhimurium | 500 礸/plate (-enzymatic activation step) | CNJGA8 21,319,1979 |
micronucleus test |
intraperitoneal mouse | 28 mg/kg/24 hour- continuous | MUREAV 216,321,1989 |
mutation in mammalian somatic cells | hamster lung | 5 mmol/L | MUREAV 130,121,1984 |
mutation in mammalian somatic cells | mouse lymphocyte | 5 mmol/L/24 hour | NTIS** AD-A075-605 |
morphological transform | human other cell types | 50 mg/L | ITCSAF 17,719,1981 |
morphological transform | human fibroblast | 167 祄ol/L | PNASA6 80,7219,1983 |
morphological transform |
oral rat | 200 祄ol/kg | CBINA8 43,313,1983 |
other mutation test systems | mouse Ascites tumor | 900 祄ol/L | JJATDK 1,243,1981 |
phage inhibition capacity | Escherichia coli | 17 gm/L | CNREA8 41,532,1981 |
sister chromatid exchange |
intraperitoneal mouse | 10 mg/kg | ENMUDM 8,579,1986 |
sperm morphology |
intraperitoneal mouse | 2,300 mg/kg/5 day- continuous | CMMUAO 5,257,1978 |
REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES: | |||
ROUTE/ ORGANISM | DOSE |
EFFECT | REFERENCE |
intraperitoneal rat | lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) |
Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | JTEHD6 13,125,1984 |
TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES: | |||
ROUTE/ ORGANISM | DOSE |
EFFECT | REFERENCE |
intraperitoneal mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 144 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent |
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors | JNCIAM 42,337,1969 |
oral hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 228 gm/kg/48 week- continuous |
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular: Tumors Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors | CANCAR 40,2427,1977 |
oral mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5,880 mg/kg/42 week- continuous |
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular: Tumors Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors | JNCIAM 50,181,1973 |
oral mouse | toxic dose : 288 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent |
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors | JNCIAM 42,337,1969 |
oral rat | lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg/7 week- intermittent |
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Ear: Tumors Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors | NATUAS 246,491,1973 |
oral rat | toxic dose : 300 mg/kg/14 week- intermittent |
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Ear: Tumors Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors | NATUAS 246,491,1973 |
subcutaneous hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 2,686 mg/kg/72 week- intermittent |
Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Peripheral nerve tumors | CALEDQ 35,303,1987 |
subcutaneous mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 420 mg/kg/21 week- intermittent |
Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors | CALEDQ 39,69,1988 |
subcutaneous mouse | toxic dose : 200 mg/kg/25 week- intermittent |
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors | BEXBAN 92,1681,1981 |
subcutaneous rat | lowest published toxic dose: 21 mg/kg |
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors | SUFOAX 31,413,1980 |
subcutaneous rat | toxic dose : 400 mg/kg/20 week- intermittent |
Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors | SUFOAX 31,413,1980 |
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES: | |||
ROUTE/ ORGANISM | DOSE |
EFFECT | REFERENCE |
intracerebral rat | lowest published lethal dose: 27 mg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | BCPCA6 14,1901,1965 |
inhalation dog | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 3,580 ppm/15 minute |
Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea Behavioral: Tremor Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | AIHAAP 24,137,1963 |
inhalation guinea pig | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 100 mg/m3/4 hour | N/R | TOVEFN (6),39,1999 |
inhalation hamster | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 392 ppm/4 hour | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | AMIHAB 12,609,1955 |
inhalation mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 172 ppm/4 hour |
Eye: Other eye effects Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | AMIHAB 12,609,1955 |
inhalation rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 252 ppm/4 hour |
Eye: Other eye effects Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | AMIHAB 12,609,1955 |
intraperitoneal cat | lowest published lethal dose: 30 mg/kg |
Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Vascular: Regional or general arteriolar or venous dilation Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis | EJTXAZ 7,238,1974 |
intraperitoneal dog | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kg |
Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | NTIS** AD292-689 |
intraperitoneal monkey | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kg |
Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | NTIS** AD292-689 |
intraperitoneal mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 113 mg/kg |
Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction) Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair | PSEBAA 124,172,1967 |
intraperitoneal rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 102 mg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | TXAPA9 6,371,1964 |
intravenous dog | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kg | N/R | MEPAAX 24,71,1973 |
intravenous mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 250 mg/kg | N/R | MEPAAX 24,71,1973 |
intravenous rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 119 mg/kg | N/R | MEPAAX 24,71,1973 |
oral mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 155 mg/kg |
Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) | STGNBT -,71,1999 |
oral rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 122 mg/kg | N/R | MEPAAX 24,71,1973 |
subcutaneous hamster | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 325 mg/kg | N/R | CALEDQ 35,303,1987 |
skin dog | lowest published lethal dose: 301 mg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | TXAPA9 18,649,1971 |
skin guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,329 mg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | XAWPA2 CWL 2-10,1958 |
skin rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 770 mg/kg |
Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above | STGNBT -,71,1999 |
skin rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,060 mg/kg | N/R | 85INA8 5,210.1(89),1986 |
unreported route human | lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg |
Behavioral: Headache Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Liver function tests impaired | STGNBT -,71,1999 |
OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES: | |||
ROUTE/ ORGANISM | DOSE |
EFFECT | REFERENCE |
inhalation rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 34 gm/m3/13 minute/40 day | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion | EJTXAZ 7,242,1974 |
intraperitoneal rat | lowest published toxic dose: 630 mg/kg/3 week- intermittent |
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume increased Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | TXAPA9 15,62,1969 |
REVIEWS: | ||
ORGANIZATION | STANDARD |
REFERENCE |
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value | time-weighted average 0.01 ppm (skin) | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003 |
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value | Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003 |
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review | Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 4,137,1974 |
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review | Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 71,1425,1999 |
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review | Human No Adequate Data | IMEMDT 4,137,1974 |
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review | Human No Adequate Data | IMEMDT 71,1425,1999 |
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review | Group 2B | IMEMDT 71,1425,1999 |
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW |
| ATXKA8 28,135,1971 |
STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS: | ||
ORGANIZATION | STANDARD |
REFERENCE |
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air | time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin) | DTLVS* 3,91,1971 |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | 8 hour time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | 8 hour time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | 8 hour time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | 8 hour time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK | time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND | short term exposure limit 0.1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE | VME 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3), continuous2 Carcinogen, JAN1999 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY | Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY | time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3), JAN1999 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES | time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN | NGV 0.1 ppm, KTV 0.5 ppm, Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND | MAK- week 0.5 ppm (1.2 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY | time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM | Carcinogen, SEP2000 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA |
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value; Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown | |
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM |
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown |
NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE: | ||
ORGANIZATION | STANDARD or SURVEY |
REFERENCE |
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 1,1-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE-air | Carcinogen ceiling concentration 0.06 ppm/120 minute | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 |
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 84395; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 14; Number of Occupations 3; Total Number of Employees Exposed 25 | |
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 |
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 84395![]() Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 43; Number of Occupations 3; Total Number of Employees Exposed 2,917 |
STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES: | |
ORGANIZATION |
REFERENCE |
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/98/101025/AS) | |
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; Cell transform.-SA7/SHE | |
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test | |
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Rodent dominant lethal; L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test | |
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse; In vitro UDS-human fibroblast | |
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: S cerevisiae gene conversion | |
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Mammalian micronucleus | |
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY | |
Used as a high energy propellant for liquid fuelled rockets | |
On EPA IRIS database | |
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001 | |
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine, 3515 | |
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen |
REFERENCES: | |
CODEN |
REFERENCE |
85INA8 | "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices," 5th ed., Cincinnati, OH, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc., 1986 |
AIHAAP | American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- |
AMIHAB | AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. |
ARTODN | Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974- |
ATXKA8 | Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN. |
BCPCA6 | Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- |
BEXBAN | Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (English Translation). Translation of BEBMAE. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.41- 1956- |
CALEDQ | Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975- |
CANCAR | Cancer (Philadelphia). (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1948- |
CBINA8 | Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- |
CFRGBR | Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) |
CMMUAO | Chemical Mutagens. Principles and Methods for Their Detection. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.1- 1971- |
CNJGA8 | Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology. (National Research Council of Canada, Publication Sales and Distribution, Ottawa ON K1A OR6, Canada) V.1- 1959- |
CNREA8 | Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- |
DTLVS* | The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 |
EJTXAZ | European Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene. (Paris, France) V.7-9, 1974-76. For publisher information, see TOERD9. |
ENMUDM | Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG. |
IMEMDT | IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- |
ITCSAF | In Vitro. (Rockville, MD) V.1-20, 1965-85. For publisher information, see ICDBEO. |
JJATDK | JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981- |
JJCREP | Japanese Journal of Cancer Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. BV, POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.76- 1985- |
JJIND8 | JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.61-79, 1978-87. For publisher information, see JNCIEQ. |
JNCIAM | Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60, 1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8. |
JTEHD6 | Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76- |
MEPAAX | Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. (Ars-Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.1- 1950- |
MUREAV | Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- |
NATUAS | Nature. (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736) V.1- 1869- |
NIOSH* | National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. |
NTIS** | National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. |
PNASA6 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. (National Academy of Sciences, Printing & Pub. Office, 2101 Constitution Ave., Washington, DC 20418) V.1- 1915- |
PSEBAA | Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- |
STGNBT | "Spravochnik po Toksikologii i Gigienicheskim Normativam (PDK) Potentsial'no Opasnykh Khimicheskikh Veshchestv" Kushneva, V.S., and R.B. Gorshkova, eds. 46, Zhivopisnaya St., 123182, Moscow, Russia, IzdAT 1999 |
SUFOAX | Surgical Forum. (American College of Surgeons, 55 E. Erie St., Chicago, IL 60611) V.1- 1950- |
TOVEFN | Toksikologicheskii Vestnik. (18-20 Vadkovskii per. Moscow, 101479, Russia) History Unknown |
TXAPA9 | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- |
XAWPA2 | U.S. Army Chemical Warfare Laboratories. (Army Chemical Center, MD) |