The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Hydrazine

RTECS #: MU7175000

CAS #: 302-01-2

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 32.06 MF: H4N2


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Hydrazine (ACGIH:OSHA)
  2. Hydrazine fume
  3. Hydrazyna (Polish)
  4. Levoxine
  1. Nitrogen hydride
  2. Oxytreat 35
  3. RCRA waste number U133


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
DNA adduct Escherichia coli 10 µmol/L MUREAV 89,95,1981
DNA damage oral
hamster 		15 mg/kg PAACA3 24,59,1983
DNA damage mammal (species unspecified) lymphocyte 95 pph BBACAQ 174,591,1969
DNA damage intraperitoneal
mouse 		100 mg/kg MUREAV 415,1,1998
DNA damage oral
mouse 		100 mg/kg MUREAV 415,1,1998
DNA damage rat liver 3 mmol/L MUREAV 113,357,1983
DNA inhibition human HeLa cell 50 µmol/L CNREA8 44,59,1984
DNA inhibition oral
mouse 		200 mg/kg MUREAV 46,305,1977
DNA inhibition oral
rat 		60 mg/kg CRNGDP 4,953,1983
unscheduled DNA synthesis hamster ovary 250 µg/L NTIS** AD-A075-605
unscheduled DNA synthesis hamster lung 250 µg/L NTIS** AD-A075-605
unscheduled DNA synthesis oral
rat 		60 mg/kg CRNGDP 4,953,1983
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat lung 250 µg/L NTIS** AD-A075-605
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 4,300 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) TOLED5 31,131,1986
mutation in microorganisms Haemophilus influenzae 2 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 30,9,1975
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 70 µg/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 173,233,1986
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 120 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) BIZNAT 97,137,1978
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 200 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 93,339,1982
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse lymphocyte 1 mmol/L MUREAV 89,321,1981
morphological transform hamster kidney 80 µg/L BJCAAI 37,873,1978
morphological transform human liver 80 µg/L BJCAAI 37,873,1978
morphological transform human other cell types 35 mg/L ITCSAF 17,719,1981
other mutation test systems Bacillus subtilis 10 mmol/L MUREAV 5,343,1968
other mutation test systems Escherichia coli 80 pmol/tube MUREAV 147,79,1985
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		10 mmol/L MUREAV 16,363,1972


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
hamster 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 ppm/6 hour (1 year male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct FAATDF 5,1050,1985
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4 mg/m3/2 hour (7-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) GISAAA 39(10),23,1974
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 mg/m3/24 hour (1-11 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death 		GISAAA 39(10),23,1974
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 mg/m3 (1-22 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) VCVN5* -,20,1989
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 48 mg/kg (6-9 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system 		NTIS** AD-A084-023
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 80 mg/kg (6-9 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system 		NTIS** AD-A084-023
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) APTOD9 19,A21,1980
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) APTOD9 19,A21,1980
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg (7-9 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system 		NTIS** AD-A119-706
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg (7-9 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) 		NTIS** AD-A119-706
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 80 mg/kg (11-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) 		AEHLAU 21,615,1970
skin
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg (9 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) NTIS** AD-A119-706


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
hamster 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 ppm/6 hour/1 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors 		FAATDF 5,1050,1985
inhalation
hamster 		toxic concentration (other than lowest) : 5 ppm/6 hour/1 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors 		PAACA3 21,74,1980
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 ppm/6 hour/1 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors 		PAACA3 21,74,1980
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/6 hour/1 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Thyroid tumors 		FAATDF 5,1050,1985
inhalation
rat 		toxic concentration (other than lowest) : 5 ppm/6 hour/1 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors 		PAACA3 21,74,1980
inhalation
rat 		toxic concentration (other than lowest) : 1 ppm/6 hour/1 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors 		PAACA3 21,74,1980
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg/5 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Tumors

Blood: Leukemia 		UICMAI 7,180,1967
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,951 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Blood: Lymphoma including Hodgkin's disease 		IJCNAW 9,109,1972
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 900 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		EXPADD 33,133,1988


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 252 ppm/4 hour Eye: Other eye effects

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		AMIHAB 12,609,1955
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1,000 mg/m3/2 hour N/R VCVN5* -,20,1993
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 320 mg/m3/4 hour N/R VCVN5* -,20,1993
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 570 ppm/4 hour Eye: Other eye effects

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		AMIHAB 12,609,1955
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 130 mg/m3/2 hour N/R VCVN5* -,20,1993
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 20,000 mg/m3/4 hour Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Behavioral: Excitement

Behavioral: Tetany 		VCVN5* -,20,1993
intramuscular
dog 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 16,500 µg/kg N/R GISAAA 16(6),53,1972
intramuscular
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 53,500 µg/kg N/R GISAAA 16(6),53,1972
intramuscular
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 38,500 µg/kg N/R GISAAA 16(6),53,1972
intraperitoneal
cat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg Behavioral: Tetany VCVN5* -,20,1993
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 62 mg/kg N/R MEPAAX 24,71,1973
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg Liver: Other changes

Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport 		TOXID9 72,94,2003
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 59 mg/kg N/R MEPAAX 24,71,1973
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning VCVN5* -,20,1993
intravenous
dog 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 25 mg/kg N/R MEPAAX 24,71,1973
intravenous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 57 mg/kg N/R MEPAAX 24,71,1973
intravenous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 55 mg/kg N/R MEPAAX 24,71,1973
intravenous
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20 mg/kg N/R AMIHBC 9,199,1954
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 59 mg/kg N/R MEPAAX 24,71,1973
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 59 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight 		VCVN5* -,20,1993
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg Liver: Other changes

Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport 		TOXID9 72,94,2003
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kg N/R MEPAAX 24,71,1973
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight 		VCVN5* -,20,1993
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain CRTOEC 14,975,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 90 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count

Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) 		CRTOEC 14,975,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Liver: Other changes 		CRTOEC 14,975,2001
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response 		TXCYAC 172,35,2002
skin
dog 		lowest published lethal dose: 96 mg/kg N/R TXAPA9 21,186,1972
skin
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 3 mg/kg Behavioral: Tetany

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning 		VCVN5* -,20,1993
skin
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/m3 Behavioral: Tetany

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning 		VCVN5* -,20,1993
skin
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 190 mg/kg Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold XAWPA2 CWL 2-10,1958
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 91 mg/kg N/R AMIHBC 9,199,1954
unreported route
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 200 mg/kg N/R BJCAAI 6,160,1952


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
dog 		lowest published toxic concentration: 14 ppm/6 hour/26 week- intermittent Behavioral: Food intake (animal)

Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		AMIHBC 10,476,1954
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 14 ppm/6 hour/14 week- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field AMIHBC 10,476,1954
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 5 mg/m3/24 hour/59 day- continuous Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes VCVN5* -,20,1989
inhalation
hamster 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 ppm/6 hour/1 year- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Endocrine: Other changes 		NTIS** AD-A086-341
inhalation
monkey 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 ppm/24 hour/90 day- continuous Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTIS** AD-A086-341
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 ppm/24 hour/90 day- continuous Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTIS** AD-A086-341
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 14 ppm/6 hour/5 week- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field AMIHBC 10,476,1954
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 130 mg/m3/1 hour/17 week- intermittent Blood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count 		VCVN5* -,20,1989
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1 ppm/24 hour/90 day- continuous Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTIS** AD-A086-341
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/6 hour/26 week- intermittent Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		AMIHBC 10,476,1954
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/4 hour/30 day- intermittent Liver: Liver function tests impaired

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above 		GISAAA 40(3),29,1975


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 0.01 ppm (skin) DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 4,127,1974
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 71,991,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL 7,223,1987
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 71,991,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 2B IMEMDT 71,991,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AMIHBC 9,199,1954
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ATXKA8 28,135,1971


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* 3,127,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.13 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 0.1 ppm, short term exposure limit 0.3 ppm, Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - JAPAN Occupational Exposure Limit 0.01 ppm (0.013 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.13 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 0.05 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 0.1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 0.1 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 0.1 ppm, KTV 0.3 ppm, Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.1 ppm (0.13 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 0.03 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.13 mg/m3, Skin, Carcinogen, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO HYDRAZINES-air Carcinogen ceiling concentration 0.03 ppm/120 minute NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 38110;
Number of Industries 37;
Total Number of Facilities 2,134;
Number of Occupations 27;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 11,185
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 38110;
Number of Industries 44;
Total Number of Facilities 2,515;
Number of Occupations 46;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 60,490;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 2,841


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/98/101025/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as rocket fuel and as intermediate in the preparation of other compounds
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-1292-8619;8EHQ-0593-9056
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrazine, 3503
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #20
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #108


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960-
AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
APTOD9 Abstracts of Papers, Society of Toxicology. Annual Meetings. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802)
ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN.
BBACAQ Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1947-
BIZNAT Biologisches Zentralblatt. (VEB Georg Thieme, Postfach 946, Leipzig DDR-7010, Ger. Dem. Rep.) V.1- 1881-
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941-
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
CRTOEC Chemical Research in Toxicology. (American Chemical Soc., Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB 57/36, West End Station, Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1988-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EXPADD Experimental Pathology (1981). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.19- 1981-
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-40, 1981-97. For publisher information, see TOSCF2
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
IJCNAW International Journal of Cancer. (International Union Against Cancer, 3 rue du Conseil- General, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland) V.1- 1966-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979-
ITCSAF In Vitro. (Rockville, MD) V.1-20, 1965-85. For publisher information, see ICDBEO.
MEPAAX Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. (Ars-Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.1- 1950-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
PAACA3 Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. (Waverly Press, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1954-
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-
UICMAI UICC Monograph Series. International Union Against Cancer. (Secaucus, NJ) V.1-12, 1967-69(?).
VCVN5* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva. Neorganicheskie soedinenia elementov V-VII groopp" (Hazardous substances. Inornanic substances containing V-VII group elements), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1989.
XAWPA2 U.S. Army Chemical Warfare Laboratories. (Army Chemical Center, MD)

Used as rocket fuel and as intermediate in the preparation of other compounds

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector

 Click Here for Additional Information about RTECS