The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

2 - Hexanone

RTECS #: MP1400000

CAS #: 591-78-6

UPDATE: November 2004 MW: 100.18 MF: C6H12O


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 2 - Hexanone (OSHA)
  2. Butyl methyl ketone
  3. Hexanone - 2
  4. Ketone, butyl methyl
  5. MBK
  1. MNBK
  2. Methyl n - butyl ketone
  3. Methyl n - butyl ketone (ACGIH:OSHA)
  4. Propylacetone
  5. n - Butyl methyl ketone


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		500 mg/24 hour mild 85JCAE -,283,1986
skin
rabbit 		500 mg/24 hour mild 85JCAE -,283,1986


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction Saccharomyes cerevisiae 48 mmol/L MUREAV 341,83,1994


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,000 ppm/6 hour (1-21 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Gastrointestinal system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system 		EESADV 5,291,1981
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2,000 ppm/6 hour (1-21 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral 		EESADV 5,291,1981
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2,045 mg/m3 (1-22 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral 		VCVGK* -,424,1994


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal concentration: 40,000 mg/m3/30 minute Brain and Coverings: Increased intracranial pressure

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,423,1994
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,000 ppm Eye: Other eye effects

Behavioral: Headache

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		NPIRI* 1,78,1974
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4,000 mg/m3 Olfaction: Other olfaction effects

Eye: Conjunctiva irritation 		VCVGK* -,423,1994
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 8,000 ppm/4 hour N/R NPIRI* 1,78,1974
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 914 mg/kg N/R RalRL# 01MAR1974
oral
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal dose: 914 mg/kg N/R RalRL# 01MAR1974
oral
human 		lowest published lethal dose: 714.3 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,423,1994
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,430 mg/kg N/R TOLED5 30,13,1986
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,590 mg/kg N/R AMIHBC 10,61,1954
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,503 mg/kg Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		VCVGK* -,423,1994
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4,800 mg/kg N/R NPIRI* 1,78,1974
unreported route
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 914 mg/kg N/R RalRL# 01MAR1974
unreported route
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 914 mg/kg N/R RalRL# 01MAR1974


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
cat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/24 hour/33 day- continuous Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath NEJMAG 290,1263,1974
inhalation
cat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 818 mg/m3/5 week- continuous Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath VCVGK* -,424,1994
inhalation
chicken 		lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/90 day- continuous Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JTEHD6 9,199,1982
inhalation
chicken 		lowest published toxic concentration: 818 mg/m3/4 week- continuous Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath VCVGK* -,424,1994
inhalation
monkey 		lowest published toxic concentration: 976 ppm/6 hour/25 week- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve AIHAAP 38,567,1977
inhalation
monkey 		lowest published toxic concentration: 409 mg/m3/6 hour/13 week- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve VCVGK* -,424,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 692 ppm/81 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight 		TXAPA9 52,153,1980
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 976 ppm/6 hour/25 week- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve

Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		AIHAAP 38,567,1977
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,300 ppm/6 hour/17 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath 		ARNEAS 32,219,1975
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/24 hour/42 day- continuous Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath JNENAD 35,207,1976
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4,090 mg/m3/6 hour/13 week- intermittent Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning VCVGK* -,424,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 818 mg/m3/11 week- continuous Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath VCVGK* -,424,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2,863 mg/m3/72 hour- intermittent Behavioral: Muscle weakness VCVGK* -,423,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2,863 mg/m3/72 hour- intermittent Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct 		VCVGK* -,423,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4,007,000 mg/m3/5 week- continuous Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve VCVGK* -,423,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2,045 mg/m3/22 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain VCVGK* -,424,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 409 mg/m3/6 hour/13 week- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve VCVGK* -,424,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 818 mg/m3/8 hour/6 week- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath

Behavioral: Muscle weakness 		VCVGK* -,424,1994
intraperitoneal
chicken 		lowest published toxic dose: 3,000 mg/kg/30 day- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis with appropriate anesthesia

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath

Behavioral: Ataxia 		VCVGK* -,424,1994
oral
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic dose: 59,262 mg/kg/24 week- continuous Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction)

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes 		AIHAAP 39,94,1978
oral
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic dose: 9,520 mg/kg/8 week- continuous Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction)

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) 		VCVGK* -,424,1994
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 59.506 gm/kg/90 day- intermittent Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct 		VCVGK* -,424,1994
subcutaneous
cat 		lowest published toxic dose: 55,500 mg/kg/37 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Demyelination

Spinal Cord: Other degenerative changes

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath 		TXAPA9 37,301,1976


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 5 ppm (skin) DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2002
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 5 ppm (skin);short term exposure limit 10 ppm (skin) DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value short term exposure limit 10 ppm (skin) DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ARPTDI 22,145,1982


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) DTLVS* 3,126,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 5 ppm (21 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 1 ppm (4 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 5 ppm (20 mg/m3), VLE 8 ppm (35 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 5 ppm (21 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - HUNGARY time-weighted average 20 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 40 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 2 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 1 ppm (4 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 10 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 50 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA time-weighted average 5 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 1 ppm (4 mg/m3), KTV 2 ppm (8 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 100 ppm (410 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 5 ppm (21 mg/m3), Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

short term exposure limit 10 ppm (skin)
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
short term exposure limit 10 ppm (skin)


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO METHYL BUTYL KETONE-air 10 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 37330;
Number of Industries 76;
Total Number of Facilities 5,073;
Number of Occupations 45;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 41,624
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 37330;
Number of Industries 5;
Total Number of Facilities 168;
Number of Occupations 5;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,122;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 656


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/93/110773/AS)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a solvent for a wide variety of materials
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ketones I, 1300


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958-
AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
ARNEAS Archives of Neurology (Chicago). (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.3- 1960-
ARPTDI Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.16- 1976-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EESADV Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1977-
JNENAD Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology. (American Association of Neuropathologists, Inc., 1041 New Hapshire St., Lawrence, KS 66044) V.1- 1942-
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NPIRI* Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. (National Assoc. of Printing Ink Research Institute, Francis McDonald Sinclair Memorial Laboratory, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015)
RalRL# Personnal Communication from R.L. Raleigh, Assistant Director of Health and Safety Lab., Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, NY, Mar. 6, 1974
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
VCVGK* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994.

Used as a solvent for a wide variety of materials

NIOSH PROFILE (SPRAY PAINTING), FIRL, 4/78

RTECS Compound Description:
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

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