The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Ethane, hexachloro -

RTECS #: KI4025000

CAS #: 67-72-1

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 236.72 MF: C2Cl6


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Avlothane
  2. Distokal
  3. Distopan
  4. Distopin
  5. Egitol
  6. Ethane hexachloride
  7. Carbon hexachloride
  8. Hexachlor - aethan (German)
  9. Hexachlorethane
  10. Hexachloroethane
  11. 1,1,1,2,2,2 - Hexachloroethane
  1. Hexachloroethane (ACGIH:OSHA)
  2. Hexachloroethylene
  3. NCI - C04604
  4. RCRA waste number U131
  5. Ethylene hexachloride
  6. Falkitol
  7. Fasciolin
  8. Mottenhexe
  9. Perchloroethane
  10. Phenohep


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
other mutation test systems oral
mouse 		1 gm/kg MUREAV 343,157,1995
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 330 mg/L EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5,500 mg/kg (6-16 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertility 		AIHAAP 40,187,1979


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 230 gm/kg/78 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-68,1978
oral
mouse 		toxic dose : 460 gm/kg/78 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-68,1978
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 10,300 mg/kg/2 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-361,1989
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 10,300 mg/kg/103 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors 		NTIS** PB90-170895/AS
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 5,150 mg/kg/103 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Adrenal cortex tumors 		NTIS** PB90-170895/AS


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
rat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 5,900 ppm/8 hour Behavioral: Muscle weakness AIHAAP 40,187,1979
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4.5 mg/kg N/R VCVGH* -,392,1990
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 2,900 mg/kg N/R AIHAAP 40,187,1979
intravenous
dog 		lowest published lethal dose: 325 mg/kg N/R QJPPAL 7,205,1934
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4,970 mg/kg N/R AIHAAP 40,187,1979
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4,460 mg/kg N/R AIHAAP 40,187,1979
oral
rabbit 		lethal dose : >1 gm/kg N/R AIHAAP 40,187,1979
subcutaneous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 4 gm/kg N/R QJPPAL 7,205,1934
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 32 gm/kg N/R AIHAAP 40,187,1979


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 260 ppm/6 hour/6 week- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		AIHAAP 40,187,1979
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 260 ppm/6 hour/6 week- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight 		AIHAAP 40,187,1979
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 6,944 mg/kg/16 week- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight 		DCTODJ 8,155,1985
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 9 gm/kg/16 day- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTPTR* NTP-TR-361,1989
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 48,750 mg/kg/13 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-361,1989
oral
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 12 gm/kg/12 day- continuous Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		AIHAAP 40,187,1979


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 1 ppm (skin) DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT 20,467,1979
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 73,295,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT 20,467,1979
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 73,295,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 2B IMEMDT 73,295,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AIHAAP 40(3),A46,1979
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 543,201,2003


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 1 ppm (10 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* 3,124,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm (10 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm (10 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm (10 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm (10 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 10 ppm (100 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 1 ppm (10 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 1 ppm (9.7 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 1 ppm (10 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 1 ppm (10 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 3 ppm (30 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 1 ppm, VLE 10 ppm, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 1 ppm (10 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 10 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 1 ppm (10 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 10 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 30 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 1 ppm (10 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 5 ppm (49 mg/m3), vapor, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 10 mg/m3, total inhalable dust, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 4 mg/m3, respirable dust, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO HEXACHLOROETHANE-air Carcinogen;
8 hour time-weighted average 1 ppm 		NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 17385;
Number of Industries 5;
Total Number of Facilities 219;
Number of Occupations 9;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,488
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 17385;
Number of Industries 12;
Total Number of Facilities 170;
Number of Occupations 23;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 8,516;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 576


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/98/101041/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/limited: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Histidine reversion-Ames test; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a constituent of candles and grenades for smoke generation and as moth repellant
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, PROPOSED RULE FEREAC 47,27009,82
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 27, 1978
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, halogenated, 1003
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:rat
NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:rat NTPTR* NTP-TR-361,1989
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (gavage);no evidence:rat NCITR* NCI-TR-68,1978
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-45, October 2000


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1- 1977/78-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*.
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-
QJPPAL Quarterly Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology. (London, UK) V.2-21, 1929-48. For publisher information, see JPPMAB.
VCVGH* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogenproisvodnie uglevodorodov". (Hazardous substances: Galogenated hydrocarbons) Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1990.

Used as a constituent of candles and grenades for smoke generation and as moth repellant

NIOSH PROFILE (HEXACHLOROETHANE), SRI, 2/77

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Tumorigen
   Drug
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector

 Click Here for Additional Information about RTECS