The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Ethane, 1,2 - dibromo -

RTECS #: KH9275000

CAS #: 106-93-4

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 187.88 MF: C2H4Br2


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  6. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  7. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  8. REVIEWS:
  9. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  10. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  11. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  12. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1,2 - Dibromaethan (German)
  2. 1,2 - Dibromoetano (Italian)
  3. 1,2 - Dibromoethane
  4. 1,2 - Dibromoethane (OSHA)
  5. 1,2 - Dibroomethaan (Dutch)
  6. 1,2 - Ethylene dibromide
  7. Aadibroom
  8. Aethylenbromid (German)
  9. Bromofume
  10. Bromuro di etile (Italian)
  11. Celmide
  12. Dibromure d'ethylene (French)
  13. Dowfume 40
  14. Dowfume EDB
  15. Dowfume W - 100
  16. Dowfume W - 8
  17. Dowfume W - 85
  18. Dowfume W - 90
  19. Dwubromoetan (Polish)
  20. EDB
  21. EDB - 85
  22. ENT 15,349
  23. Ethylene bromide
  1. Ethylene dibromide
  2. Ethylene dibromide (ACGIH:OSHA)
  3. Fumo - gas
  4. Glycol bromide
  5. Glycol dibromide
  6. Iscobrome D
  7. NCI - C00522
  8. Nefis
  9. Nephis
  10. Pestmaster
  11. Pestmaster edb - 85
  12. RCRA waste number U067
  13. Soilbrom
  14. Soilbrom - 100
  15. Soilbrom - 40
  16. Soilbrom - 85
  17. Soilbrom - 90
  18. Soilbrom - 90EC
  19. Soilbrome - 85
  20. Soilfume
  21. Unifume
  22. alpha,beta - Dibromoethane
  23. sym - Dibromoethane


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		1% AMIHBC 6,158,1952
skin
human 		1,538 mg/2 hour severe AGGHAR 8,591,1938
skin
rabbit 		1%/14 day severe AMIHBC 6,158,1952


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 150 mg/L MUTAEX 4,432,1989
cytogenetic analysis hamster lung 2 mmol/L MUREAV 78,177,1980
cytogenetic analysis other fish lymphocyte 100 µmol/L ENMUDM 8,555,1986
DNA adduct mammal (species unspecified) lymphocyte 1 mmol/L TOLED5 11,243,1982
DNA adduct intraperitoneal
rat 		15 mg/kg CNREA8 49,5843,1989
DNA adduct intraperitoneal
rat 		16,800 nmol/kg CNREA8 38,2438,1978
DNA adduct rat liver 80 µmol/L CRNGDP 3,1129,1982
DNA damage Escherichia coli 1 µmol/L ARTODN 46,277,1980
DNA damage intraperitoneal
mouse 		50 mg/kg CRNGDP 2,839,1981
DNA damage oral
mouse 		150 mg/kg FEPRA7 39,1022,1980
DNA damage oral
rat 		20 µmol/kg BBRCA9 141,723,1986
DNA inhibition Escherichia coli 23 mmol/L BCPCA6 23,2345,1974
DNA inhibition human lymphocyte 5 mL/L CALEDQ 13,213,1981
DNA inhibition intraperitoneal
mouse 		55 mg/kg MUREAV 163,193,1986
DNA repair Escherichia coli 10 mg/plate CNREA8 34,2576,1974
unscheduled DNA synthesis mammal (species unspecified) lymphocyte 10 mmol/L STEVA8 11,223,1979
unscheduled DNA synthesis oral
rat 		75 gm/kg LAINAW 38,279,1978
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat liver 50 ppm MUREAV 97,359,1982
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat sperm 1 µmol/L ENMUDM 5,489,1983
unscheduled DNA synthesis intraperitoneal
rat 		100 mg/kg CRNGDP 7,467,1986
host-mediated assay mouse
Salmonella typhimurium 		500 mg/kg BIZNAT 91,311,1972
mutation in microorganisms Aspergillus nidulans 10 µL/plate (-enzymatic activation step) PMRSDJ 2,87,1981
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 20 µL/disc (-enzymatic activation step) BKNJA5 23,69,1980
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 333 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) ENMUDM 7(Suppl 5),1,1985
mutation in microorganisms Escherichia coli 0.2 mmol/L/90 minute JBCHA3 277,37920,2002
mutation in microorganisms hamster ovary 400 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 90,183,1981
mutation in microorganisms mouse lymphocyte 45 mg/L/4 hour (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 59,61,1979
mutation in microorganisms Neurospora crassa 36,000 ppm (-enzymatic activation step) STEVA8 11,223,1979
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 2 µL/plate (-enzymatic activation step) PMRSDJ 2,87,1981
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 1 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) ENMUDM 7(Suppl 5),1,1985
micronucleus test human lymphocyte 1 mmol/L EMMUEG 20,117,1992
micronucleus test multiple
non-mammalian species 		5,300 nmol/L MUTAEX 4,17,1989
gene conversion and mitotic recombination Saccharomyes cerevisiae 170 µmol/L IARCCD 10,161,1974
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster ovary 1 mmol/L MUREAV 90,183,1981
mutation in mammalian somatic cells human lymphocyte 5 mg/L MUREAV 142,133,1985
mutation in mammalian somatic cells inhalation
mouse 		30 ppm/10 day- continuous MUREAV 405,193,1998
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse lymphocyte 150 mg/L/4 hour MUREAV 59,61,1979
morphological transform hamster embryo 500 mg/L AETODY 1,241,1980
morphological transform oral
mouse 		75 mg/kg ARTODN 58,118,1985
morphological transform oral
rat 		75 mg/kg TOPADD 12,307,1984
morphological transform rat embryo 12 µg/plate JJATDK 1,190,1981
other mutation test systems Escherichia coli 350 nmol/tube MUREAV 147,79,1985
other mutation test systems Escherichia coli 23 mmol/L BCPCA6 23,2345,1974
other mutation test systems rat liver 80 µmol/L CRNGDP 3,1129,1982
other mutation test systems Salmonella typhimurium 1,600 ppm ENMUDM 9,171,1987
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 5 mg/L SCIEAS 236,933,1987
sister chromatid exchange hamster lung 500 µmol/L MUREAV 78,177,1980
sister chromatid exchange human fibroblast 2,500 nmol/L MUREAV 389,291,1997
sister chromatid exchange human lymphocyte 10 nmol/L MUREAV 97,188,1982
sister chromatid exchange other fish lymphocyte 100 µmol/L ENMUDM 8,555,1986
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		300 µmol/L EXPEAM 30,621,1974
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction inhalation
Drosophila melanogaster 		2 ppm MUREAV 68,59,1979
specific locus test inhalation
Drosophila melanogaster 		14 ppm/24 hour MUREAV 182,243,1987
sperm morphology subcutaneous
mammal (species unspecified) 		93,600 µg/kg/12 day- intermittent FCTXAV 18,743,1980
sperm morphology intraperitoneal
rat 		50 mg/kg/5 day STEVA8 11,223,1979
heritable translocation test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		25 ppm EMMUEG 23,208,1994


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
man 		lowest published toxic concentration: 88 ppb/8 hour (5 year male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) BJIMAG 44,317,1987
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 38 ppm/23 hour (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death TXAPA9 45,347,1978
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 20 ppm/23 hour (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) 		TXAPA9 46,173,1978
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 38 ppm/23 hour (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) TXAPA9 46,173,1978
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 32 ppm/23 hour (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system 		NTIS** PB256-659
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 66,670 ppb/4 hour (3-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) NTOTDY 5,579,1983
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 80 ppm/23 hour (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death TXAPA9 45,347,1978
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 89 ppm/7 hour (10 week male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females) 		TXAPA9 49,97,1979
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 39 ppm/7 hour (3 week prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Mating performance (e.g., # sperm positive females per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles) TXAPA9 49,97,1979
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 80 ppm/7 hour (3 week prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) TXAPA9 49,97,1979
oral
cattle 		lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kg (10 day male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) JRPFA4 44,561,1975
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg (5 day male) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death MUREAV 77,71,1980
subcutaneous
cattle 		lowest published toxic dose: 93,600 µg/kg (12 day male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) JULRA7 67,124,1979
subcutaneous
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 225 mg/kg (5 day male) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) FAATDF 16,687,1991
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 25 mg/kg (1 day male) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral TJADAB 27,27A,1983


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 40 ppm/6 hour/90 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors 		CALEDQ 12,121,1981
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2,620.8 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchogenic carcinoma 		NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 655.2 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/6 hour/2 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors

Vascular: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982
inhalation
rat 		toxic concentration (other than lowest) : 20 ppm/7 hour/78 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Adrenal cortex tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		TXAPA9 63,155,1982
inhalation
rat 		toxic concentration (other than lowest) : 10 ppm/6 hour/2 year- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Vascular: Tumors

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-210,1982
inhalation
rat 		toxic concentration (other than lowest) : 40 ppm/6 hour/88 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors

Vascular: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 327.6 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors

Endocrine: Thyroid tumors 		NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,310.4 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Thyroid tumors

Blood: Tumors 		NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 273 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Thyroid tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 1,092 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchogenic carcinoma

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		NTIS** PB82-181710
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 840 mg/kg/8 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors 		TXAPA9 82,19,1986
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 16 gm/kg/53 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral
mouse 		toxic dose : 23 gm/kg/53 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral
mouse 		toxic dose : 28 gm/kg/53 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 540 mg/kg/78 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Vascular: Tumors

Blood: Tumors 		BANRDU 5,279,1980
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 16 gm/kg/61 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 24 gm/kg/57 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 6,630 mg/kg/34 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 7,000 mg/kg/47 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 18 gm/kg/44 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors 		NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
skin
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 190 gm/kg/62 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		JJIND8 63,1433,1979


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
cat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 2,100 mg/m3/4 hour Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough 		VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation
cat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 4,100 mg/m3 N/R VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation
dog 		lowest published lethal concentration: 22,000 mg/m3/1 hour Eye: Corneal damage VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal concentration: 400 ppm/3 hour Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Conditioned vitamin deficiency

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal 		AMIHBC 6,158,1952
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal concentration: 7,800 mg/m3 N/R VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published lethal concentration: 3,000 mg/m3/3 hour Behavioral: Excitement

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation
human 		lowest published lethal concentration: 215 mg/m3/20 minute Behavioral: Coma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published lethal concentration: 3,000 mg/m3/2 hour N/R VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published lethal concentration: 1,540 mg/m3/7 hour Behavioral: General anesthetic VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 14,300 mg/m3 N/R VCVGH* -,572,1990
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published lethal concentration: 1,700 mg/m3/100 minute N/R VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 14,300 mg/m3/30 minute Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage)

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		FATOBP 8,140,1973
inhalation
rat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 12,300 mg/m3/24 minute Behavioral: General anesthetic VCVGH* -,587,1990
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 220 mg/kg N/R JPCEAO 320,133,1978
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases 		TXCYAC 186,181,2003
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases 		TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),347,2003
oral
chicken 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 79 mg/kg N/R AMIHBC 6,158,1952
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 110 mg/kg N/R AMIHBC 6,158,1952
oral
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 43 µL/kg Liver: Jaundice, other or unclassified

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Metabolic acidosis 		HETOEA 19,152,2000
oral
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 42,800 mL/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed

Skin and Appendages: Other: Sweating 		VHTODE 43,91,2001
oral
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 42,800 mL/kg Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		VHTODE 43,91,2001
oral
mouse 		lowest published lethal dose: 250 mg/kg N/R TXAPA9 23,288,1972
oral
quail 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 130 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea 		BPOSA4 22,355,1981
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 108 mg/kg N/R SPEADM 78-1,17,1978
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight 		VCVGH* -,587,1990
oral
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 55 mg/kg N/R AMIHBC 6,158,1952
oral
woman 		lowest published lethal dose: 90 mg/kg Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume decreased or anuria 		34ZIAG -,257,1969
rectal
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 2,500 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse 		JPETAB 34,223,1928
skin
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 300 mg/kg N/R 85DPAN -,-,1971/1976
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 300 mg/kg Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease

Skin: After topical application: Corrosive 		AMIHBC 6,158,1952
unreported route
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 146 mg/kg N/R 30ZDA9 -,38,1971


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/7 hour/80 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		AMIHBC 6,158,1952
inhalation
monkey 		lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/7 hour/70 day- intermittent Behavioral: Excitement

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		AMIHBC 6,158,1952
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 3 ppm/6 hour/13 week- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTPTR* NTP-TR-210,1982
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 40 ppm/6 hour/13 week- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		FAATDF 1,437,1981
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/7 hour/9 day- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		AMIHBC 6,158,1952
inhalation
rabbit 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/7 hour/4 day- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		AMIHBC 6,158,1952
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 160 mg/kg/2 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes TOLED5 8,317,1981
oral
cattle 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,066 mg/kg/533 day- intermittent Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight 		FESTAS 18,144,1967
oral
quail 		lowest published toxic dose: 162 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport 		BPOSA4 22,355,1981
oral
quail 		lowest published toxic dose: 486 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases 		BPOSA4 22,355,1981


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 15,195,1977
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 71,641,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL 7,204,1987
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 71,641,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 2A IMEMDT 71,641,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 127,111,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
NTIS** PB83-184325
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 543,201,2003


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: Cancelled RBREV* -,179,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 20 ppm (145 mg/m3) (skin) DTLWS* 3,15,1973
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 20 ppm;
ceiling concentration 30 ppm;
peak concentration 50 ppm/5 minute/8 hour 		CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) ceiling concentration 25 ppm (190 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) ceiling concentration 25 ppm (190 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) ceiling concentration 25 ppm (190 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - ARAB Republic of Egypt time-weighted average 0.13 ppm (1 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 20 ppm (145 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 30 ppm, Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - HUNGARY short term exposure limit 0.8 mg/m3, Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 0.002 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 25 ppm (190 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 0.5 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.1 ppm (0.8 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THAILAND time-weighted average 20 ppm, short term exposure limit 30 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - TURKEY time-weighted average 25 ppm (190 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (3.9 mg/m3), Skin,Carcinogen, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE-air Carcinogen time-weighted average 0.045 ppm;
ceiling concentration 0.13 ppm/15 minute 		NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 23660;
Number of Industries 5;
Total Number of Facilities 438;
Number of Occupations 8;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 7,921
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 23660;
Number of Industries 7;
Total Number of Facilities 496;
Number of Occupations 13;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 8,559;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 792


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/93/110740/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Aspergillus-forward mutation; Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE; Host-mediated assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test; N crassa-forward mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9; Sperm morphology-human
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae gene conversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: UDS in mouse germ cells
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: CHO gene mutation
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a chemical intermediate, a fumigant and in anti-knock gasolines
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 3, 1975, AND BULLETIN 37, 1981
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ethylene dibromide, 1008
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);clear evidence:mouse,rat
NTP Carcinogenesis Bioassay (inhalation);clear evidence:mouse,rat NTPTR* NTP-TR-210,1982
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #02


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
30ZDA9 "Chemistry of Pesticides," Melnikov, N.N., New York, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 1971
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969
85DPAN "Wirksubstanzen der Pflanzenschutz und Schadlingsbekampfungsmittel," Perkow, W., Berlin, Verlag Paul Parey, 1971-1976
AETODY Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology. (Senate Press, Inc., P.O. Box 252, Princeton Junction, NJ 08550) V.1- 1980-
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ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
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CALEDQ Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975-
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CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8.
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG.
EXPEAM Experientia. (Birkhaeuser Verlag, POB 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1945-
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-40, 1981-97. For publisher information, see TOSCF2
FATOBP Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya (Kiev). Pharmacology and Toxicology. (Kievskii Nauchno- Issledovatel'skii Institut Farmakologii i Toksikologii, Kiev, USSR) No.1- 1964-
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JBCHA3 Journal of Biological Chemistry. (428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1905-
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JJIND8 JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.61-79, 1978-87. For publisher information, see JNCIEQ.
JPCEAO Journal fuer Praktische Chemie. (Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag, Postfach 109, Leipzig DDR-7010, Ger. Dem. Rep.) V.1- 1834-
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NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
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NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-
PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.1- 1981-
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
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Used as a chemical intermediate, a fumigant and in anti-knock gasolines

NIOSH PROFILE (GRAIN HANDLERS), SRI, 2/77

RTECS Compound Description:
   Agricultural Chemical
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

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