The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Diethylene glycol

RTECS #: ID5950000

CAS #: 111-46-6

UPDATE: August 2003 MW: 106.14 MF: C4H10O3


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Bis (2 - hydroxyethyl) ether
  2. Brecolane ndg
  3. Deactivator E
  4. DEG
  5. Dicol
  6. beta,beta' - Dihydroxydiethyl ether
  7. Dissolvant APV
  8. Ethanol, 2,2' - oxydi -
  9. TL4N
  10. Diethylenglykol (Czech)
  1. Diglycol
  2. Dihydroxydiethyl ether
  3. 2,2' - Dihydroxyethyl ether
  4. Ethylene diglycol
  5. 3 - Oxapentane - 1,5 - diol
  6. 3 - Oxa - 1,5 - pentanediol
  7. 2,2' - Oxybisethanol
  8. 2,2' - Oxydiethanol
  9. 2,2' - Oxyethanol


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		50 mg mild JPETAB 42,355,1931
skin
human 		112 mg/3 day- intermittent mild 85DKA8 -,127,1977
skin
rabbit 		500 mg mild 34ZIAG -,731,1969


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
N/R N/R N/R N/R


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 343 gm/kg (multigeneration) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Parturition

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Sex ratio 		FAATDF 14,622,1990
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 343 gm/kg (multigeneration) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects 		FAATDF 14,622,1990
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 gm/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Other effects on female NTIS** PB91-159327
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 16,000 mg/kg (7-14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Stillbirth

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) 		EVHPAZ 57,141,1984
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 3.1 gm/kg (multigenerations) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) NTIS** #PB85212926/AS
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 gm/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) NTIS** #PB91-159327
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 900 gm/kg (21 week prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) NTIS** #PB85212926/AS
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 128.6 gm/kg (7 day male/7 day prior to copulation/21 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) 		NTIS** #PB85212926/AS
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 gm/kg (1-20 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system OYYAA2 27,801,1984
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 76,420 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) EPASR* 8EHQ-0291-1175
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 38,212 mg/kg (6-15 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system EPASR* 8EHQ-0291-1175


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 4 mg/m3/2 hour/30 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Lymphoma including Hodgkin's disease

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		GISAAA 33(2),36,1968
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 420 mg/kg/22 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Tumors 		VINIT* #6801-83
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 890 gm/kg/53 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli 		JIHTAB 28,40,1946
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 1,752 gm/kg/2 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors 		IMSUAI 36,55,1967
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 584 gm/kg/2 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors 		FEPRA7 4,149,1945
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 840 mg/kg/81 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Tumors 		VINIT* #6801-83
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,250 mg/kg/66 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Tumors 		VINIT* #6801-83
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,500 mg/kg/82 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Tumors 		VINIT* #6801-83


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published lethal concentration: 130 mg/m3/2 hour Behavioral: General anesthetic

Behavioral: Excitement

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis 		GTPZAB 10(12),30,1966
intramuscular
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 7,826 mg/kg N/R JPETAB 59,93,1937
intramuscular
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 4,472 mg/kg N/R JPETAB 59,93,1937
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 9,719 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli

Blood: Changes in spleen 		FEPRA7 6,342,1947
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 7,700 mg/kg N/R 38MKAJ 2C,3836,1982
intravenous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6,565 mg/kg N/R NPIRI* 1,25,1974
intravenous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 2,236 mg/kg N/R JPETAB 59,93,1937
oral
cat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3,300 mg/kg N/R JIHTAB 21,173,1939
oral
cat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3,400 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,145,1984
oral
child 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,400 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Liver: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Metabolic acidosis 		JOPDAB 109,731,1986
oral
dog 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 9 gm/kg N/R JPETAB 67,101,1939
oral
dog 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 9,900 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,145,1984
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 7,800 mg/kg Behavioral: General anesthetic

Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Liver: Other changes 		FEPRA7 4,142,1945
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8,000 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,145,1984
oral
human 		lowest published lethal dose: 1 gm/kg N/R JIHTAB 21,173,1939
oral
human 		lowest published lethal dose: 0.75 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Tetany

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		VCVGK* -,145,1984
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 23,700 mg/kg Behavioral: General anesthetic

Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Liver: Other changes 		FEPRA7 4,142,1945
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,300 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,145,1984
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 12,565 mg/kg N/R NPIRI* 1,25,1974
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 12,000 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,145,1984
oral
rat 		lethal dose (66 percent kill): 15 ml/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,145,1984
oral
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4,400 mg/kg Behavioral: Coma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease 		JIHTAB 21,173,1939
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published lethal dose: 5 gm/kg N/R JPETAB 42,355,1931
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published lethal dose: 5,000 mg/kg Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,145,1984
subcutaneous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 18,800 mg/kg N/R 38MKAJ 2C,3836,1982
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 11,890 mg/kg N/R NPIRI* 1,25,1974
unreported route
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 14 gm/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Excitement

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		GISAAA 33(3),16,1968
unreported route
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published toxic dose: 6 ml/kg Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases 		VCVGK* -,145,1984
unreported route
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 13,300 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Excitement

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		GISAAA 33(3),16,1968
unreported route
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 15,650 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Excitement

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		GISAAA 33(3),16,1968
unreported route
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,688 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Excitement

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		GISAAA 33(3),16,1968


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 35 mg/m3/11 week- intermittent Cardiac: Other changes

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		GTPZAB 10(12),30,1966
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 35 mg/m3/75 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Changes in circulation

Liver: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		VCVGK* -,145,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 20 mg/m3/2 hour/26 week- intermittent Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Emphysema

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		GTPZAB 10(12),30,1966
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 20 mg/m3/4 hour/30 day- intermittent Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes 		VCVGK* -,145,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 35 mg/m3/75 day- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Changes in circulation

Liver: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		VCVGK* -,145,1994
oral
dog 		lowest published toxic dose: 105 gm/kg/18 day- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field FCTOD7 24,261,1986
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 16,000 mg/kg/8 day- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field EVHPAZ 57,141,1984
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 20,000 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Behavioral: Fluid intake NTIS** #PB91-159327
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 70,000 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Behavioral: Food intake (animal) NTIS** #PB91-159327
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 50,000 mg/kg/5 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes NTIS** #PB91-159327
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 50,000 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight 		NTIS** #PB91-159327
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 100,000 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTIS** #PB91-159327
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 900,375 mg/kg/21 week- continuous Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain NTIS** #PB85212926/AS
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 297 gm/kg/99 day- continuous Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		FCTOD7 24,261,1986
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 18,375 mg/kg/7 week- continuous Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field JAMAAP 109,1517,1937
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50,000 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight TOXID9 12,103,1992
skin
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 17,300 µL/kg/30 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		JIHTAB 29,325,1947


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AJMEAZ 38,409,1965
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ADCSAJ 13,271,1970
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
FAATDF 13,747,1989
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
NEJMAG 342,186,2000


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 2.5 ppm (11 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY No MAK Established, JAJ1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 10 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN time-weighted average 10 ppm (45 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 20 ppm (90 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 23 ppm (101 mg/m3), SEP2000


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 25544;
Number of Industries 222;
Total Number of Facilities 27,975;
Number of Occupations 129;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 273,598
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 25544;
Number of Industries 292;
Total Number of Facilities 55,518;
Number of Occupations 178;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 890,145;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 261,558


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as natural gas dehydrant and solvent, also used as intermediate
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Glycols, 5523


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969
38MKAJ "Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," 3rd rev. ed., Clayton, G.D., and F.E. Clayton, eds., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978-82. Vol. 3 originally pub. in 1979; pub. as 2nd rev. ed. in 1985.
85DKA8 "Cutaneous Toxicity, Proceedings of the 3rd Conference, 1976," Drill, V.A., and P. Lazar, eds., New York, Academic Press, Inc. 1977
ADCSAJ Advances in Chemistry Series. (American Chemical Soc., Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC 20037) No.1- 1950-
AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946-
EPASR* United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances. (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460) History unknown.
EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972-
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-40, 1981-97. For publisher information, see TOSCF2
FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982-
FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87.
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
IMSUAI Industrial Medicine and Surgery. (Northbrook, IL) V.18-42, 1949-73. For publisher information, see IOHSA5.
JAMAAP JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1883-
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
JOPDAB Journal of Pediatrics. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63141) V.1- 1932-
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928-
NPIRI* Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. (National Assoc. of Printing Ink Research Institute, Francis McDonald Sinclair Memorial Laboratory, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015)
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967-
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
VCVGK* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994.
VINIT* Vsesoyuznyi Institut Nauchnoi i Tekhnicheskoi Informatsii (VINITI). All-Union Institute of Scientific and Technical Information. (Moscow, USSR) Use information broker to obtain publications.

Used as natural gas dehydrant and solvent, also used as intermediate

NIOSH PROFILE (GLYCOLS), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (GLYCOLS), SRC, 2/82

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

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