The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Copper

RTECS #: GL5325000

CAS #: 7440-50-8

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 63.54 MF: Cu


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  3. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  4. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  5. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  6. REVIEWS:
  7. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  8. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  9. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  10. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 1721 Gold
  2. ANAC 110
  3. Allbri natural copper
  4. Arwood copper
  5. Bronze powder
  6. C.I. 77400
  7. C.I. Pigment Metal 2
  8. CDA 101
  9. CDA 102
  10. CDA 110
  11. CDA 122
  12. Copper (ACGIH:OSHA)
  13. Copper (metallic)
  14. Copper bronze
  15. Copper slag - airborne
  16. Copper slag - milled
  1. Copper - airborne
  2. Copper - milled
  3. Gold bronze
  4. Kafar copper
  5. M 1
  6. M 3
  7. M 4
  8. M1 (Copper)
  9. M2 (Copper)
  10. M3 (Copper)
  11. M3R
  12. M3S
  13. M4 (Copper)
  14. OFHC Cu
  15. Raney copper


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
N/R N/R N/R N/R


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intrauterine
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 250 µg/kg (1 day prior to copulation) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) 		IJEBA6 19,1124,1981
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 152 mg/kg (22 week prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system 		GISAAA 45(3),8,1980
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,520 µg/kg (22 week prior to copulation) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system GISAAA 45(3),8,1980
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,210 µg/kg (35 week prior to copulation) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) 		GISAAA 42(8),30,1977


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intrapleural
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors 		AIHAAP 41,836,1980
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 10.080 mg/kg/12 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes 		CALEDQ 159,57,2000


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.7 mg/kg N/R VCVN1* -,67,1998
oral
human 		lowest published toxic dose: 120 µg/kg Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting PHRPA6 73,910,1958
oral
human 		lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 mg/kg Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		TOXID9 72,29,2003
subcutaneous
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 375 mg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		AJPAA4 1,117,1925


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intravenous
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg/2 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		AJPAA4 1,117,1925
oral
rabbit 		lowest published toxic dose: 3 gm/kg/60 day- continuous Cardiac: Other changes

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		AJPAA4 1,117,1925


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3 DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 1 mg(Cu)/m3 DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TRBMAV 33,85,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
QURBAW 7,75,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
JAVMA4 164,277,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
IJMDAI 10,416,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
KOTTAM 11,1300,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
FOREAE 7,313,1942
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MIBUBI 9,321,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
PEXTAR 12,102,1969
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
85DHAX Cu,41,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AMTODM 3,209,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 127,55,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CREOH* 42,93,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MAERE* 51,247,2001
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 567,109,2004


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: Supported RBREV* -,305,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3 (fume,dusts & mists) DTLVS* 3,59,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Cu)/m3, fume CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg(Cu)/m3, dusts and mists CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Cu)/m3, fume CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg(Cu)/m3, dusts and mists CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 0.1 mg(Cu)/m3, fume CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg(Cu)/m3, dusts and mists CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, fume CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, dusts and mists CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - ARAB Republic of Egypt time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3 (fume), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3 (fume), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 (dust), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 0.1 mg/m3 (fume), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3 (fume), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 (dust), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 0.2 mg/m3 (fume), 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 1 mg/m3 (dust), 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 (dust), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME (fume) 0.2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME (dust) 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 2 mg/m3 (dust), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 0.1 mg/m3 (fume), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 1 mg/m3 (dust), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - HUNGARY time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.4 mg/m3 (dust), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - INDIA time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3 (fume), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 0.05 mg(Co)/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3, fume, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 1.0 mg/m3 (fume), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) fume 0.1 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) fume 0.3 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) dust 1 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) dust 2 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (dust), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 0.2 mg/m3 (resp. dust), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWEDEN NGV 1 mg/m3 (total dust), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 0.1 mg/m3, KZG- week 0.2 mg/m3 (fume), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 1 mg/m3, KZG- week 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THAILAND time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3 (fume), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - THAILAND time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, fume, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 2 mg/m3, dusts and mists as Cu,SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 1 mg( week)/m3, short term exposure limit 3 mg( week)/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

time-weighted average 1 mg(Cu)/m3
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
time-weighted average 1 mg(Cu)/m3


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO COPPER, dusts and mists-air 10 hour time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO COPPER, fume-air 10 hour time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3 NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: M2276;
Number of Industries 27;
Total Number of Facilities 1,213;
Number of Occupations 35;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 24,737
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 20115;
Number of Industries 176;
Total Number of Facilities 12,177;
Number of Occupations 105;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 224,406
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: X5915;
Number of Industries 5;
Total Number of Facilities 162;
Number of Occupations 5;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 11,889;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 421
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: X5983;
Number of Industries 51;
Total Number of Facilities 4,558;
Number of Occupations 45;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 53,282;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 8,758
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: X6807;
Number of Industries 2;
Total Number of Facilities 16;
Number of Occupations 2;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 625
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: X8588;
Number of Industries 3;
Total Number of Facilities 204;
Number of Occupations 7;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 9,443
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 20115;
Number of Industries 296;
Total Number of Facilities 59,839;
Number of Occupations 158;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 920,449;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 72,821


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/91/180513/AS)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Elements by ICP, 7300
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Copper (dust and fume), 7029
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Elements in blood or tissue, 8005
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Metals in urine, 8310
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID121
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID206


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958-
AJPAA4 American Journal of Pathology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1925-
AMTODM Advances in Modern Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1, 1976-79. Discontinued.
CALEDQ Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975-
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
CREOH* Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology (Elsevier Science, P.O.Box 7247-7682,Philadelphia,PA 19170 -7682,USA OR Elsevier Science B.V.,P.O.Box 1270,1000 BG Amsterdam,The Netherlands) V. 1- 1983-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
FOREAE Food Research. (Champaign, IL) V.1-25, 1936-60. For publisher information, see JFDSAZ.
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
IJEBA6 Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. (Publications & Information Directorate, CSIR, Hillside Rd., New Delhi 110 012, India) V.1- 1963-
IJMDAI Israel Journal of Medical Sciences. (POB 1435, Jerusalem 91013, Israel) V.1- 1965-
JAVMA4 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. (American Veterinary Medical Assoc., 930 N. Meacham Rd., Schaumburg, IL 60196) V.48- 1915-
KOTTAM Kogai to Taisaku. Journal of Environmental Pollution Control. (Kogai Taisaku Gijutsu Dokokai, Shuwa-Akasaka Bldg., 9-1-244, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, Japan) V.1- 1965-
MAERE* Marine Environmental Research. (Kidlington, Oxford : Elsevier) V. 1- 1978-
MIBUBI Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni. Bulletin of Microbiology. (c/o Dr. A. Tevfik Cenqiz, Ankara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dah, Ankara, Turkey) V.1- 1967-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
PEXTAR Progress in Experimental Tumor Research. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1960-
PHRPA6 Public Health Reports. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1878-
QURBAW Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics. (Cambridge Univ. Press, The Edinburgh Bldg., Shaftesbury Rd., Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK) V.1- 1968-
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
TRBMAV Texas Reports on Biology and Medicine. (Galveston, TX) V.1-41(2), 1943-81/82. Discontinued.
VCVN1* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva. Neorganicheskie soedinenia elementov I-IV groopp" (Hazardous substances. Inornanic substances containing I-IV group elements), Filov V.A., Chimia, 1988.

NIOSH PROFILE (COPPER and COMPOUNDS), SRC, 3/82

NIOSH PROFILE (HEAVY METAL GREASES AND SOAPS), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (PETROLEUM REFINING), FIRL, 4/78

NIOSH PROFILE (PRINTING INDUSTRY), SRC, 10/77

NIOSH PROFILE (SMELTERS, SECONDARY NON-FERROUS), SRI, 2/77

FDA-proprietary drug

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data

ALT CAS #: 72514-83-1
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