The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Benzyl alcohol

RTECS #: DN3150000

CAS #: 100-51-6

UPDATE: November 2004 MW: 108.15 MF: C7H8O


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Benzenemethanol
  2. Benzal alcohol
  3. Benzenecarbinol
  4. Benzoyl alcohol
  5. Methanol, phenyl -
  6. NCI - C06111
  7. alpha - Toluenol
  1. Hydroxytoluene
  2. alpha - Hydroxytoluene
  3. Phenolcarbinol
  4. Phenylcarbinol
  5. Phenylmethanol
  6. Phenylmethyl alcohol


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
skin
man 		16 mg/48 hour mild CTOIDG 94(8),41,1979
skin
pig 		1,00% moderate FCTXAV 11,1011,1973
skin
rabbit 		100 mg/24 hour moderate CTOIDG 94(8),41,1979


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 4 µg/L NTPTR* NTP-TR-343,1989
cytogenetic analysis oral
mouse 		0.5 ppb EMMUEG 39,69,2002
cytogenetic analysis oral
rat 		0.5 ppb EMMUEG 39,69,2002
DNA damage rat liver 10 mmol/L EMMUEG 24,181,1994
DNA repair Bacillus subtilis 21 mg/disc OIGZDE 34,267,1985
mutation in microorganisms mouse lymphocyte 250 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) NTPTR* NTP-TR-343,1989
specific locus test oral
mouse 		0.5 ppb EMMUEG 39,69,2002
specific locus test oral
rat 		0.5 ppb EMMUEG 39,69,2002


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 6 gm/kg (6-13 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) TCMUD8 7,29,1987


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraarterial
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 441 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		TXAPA9 18,60,1971
inhalation
mouse 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): >500 mg/m3 Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,132,1984
inhalation
rat 		lowest published lethal concentration: 1,000 ppm/8 hour N/R AMIHBC 4,119,1951
inhalation
rat 		lethal concentration (50 percent kill): >500 mg/m3 Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,132,1984
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 46 mg/m3 Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning 		VCVGK* -,132,1984
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 650 mg/kg Behavioral: Altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea 		JPMSAE 75,702,1986
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 400 mg/kg N/R NPIRI* 1,6,1974
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 650 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,132,1984
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 514 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia VCVGK* -,132,1984
intravenous
cat 		lowest published lethal dose: 625 mg/kg N/R JPETAB 16,1,1920
intravenous
dog 		lowest published lethal dose: 50 mg/kg Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea 		TXAPA9 18,60,1971
intravenous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 324 mg/kg N/R AIPTAK 135,330,1962
intravenous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 53 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea TXAPA9 18,60,1971
oral
wild bird 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 100 mg/kg N/R TXAPA9 21,315,1972
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,500 mg/kg N/R GISAAA 50(7),81,1985
oral
guinea pig 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,500 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,132,1984
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,360 mg/kg N/R GISAAA 50(7),81,1985
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,360 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,132,1984
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,230 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Excitement

Behavioral: Coma 		FCTXAV 2,327,1964
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,660 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,132,1984
oral
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,040 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) JPETAB 84,358,1945
oral
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,040 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Ataxia

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression 		VCVGK* -,132,1984
parenteral
dog 		lowest published lethal dose: 9 mg/kg Behavioral: Tremor

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes 		TXAPA9 25,153,1973
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 1,700 mg/kg Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction)

Behavioral: Coma

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		RMSRA6 15,561,1895
skin
cat 		lowest published lethal dose: 10 gm/kg Behavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Muscle weakness

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands 		JPETAB 84,358,1945
skin
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 100 pph/90 minute N/R VCVGK* -,132,1984
skin
rabbit 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2,000 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,132,1984


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 10 pph/45 day- intermittent Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Headache

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting 		VCVGK* -,132,1994
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published toxic concentration: 42 mg/m3/122 day- intermittent Cardiac: Other changes

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes 		VCVGK* -,132,1994
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 12 gm/kg/16 day- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTPTR* NTP-TR-343,1989
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,100 mg/kg/21 day- intermittent Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		GISAAA 50(7),81,1985
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 13 gm/kg/13 week- intermittent Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-343,1989
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 24 mL/kg/12 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases 		CBPCEE 99,445,1991
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 103,000 mg/kg/103 week- continuous Endocrine: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Active as anti-cancer agent 		NTIS** PB90-110206


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 543,201,2003


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES: Cancelled RBREV* -,297,1998
Occupational Exposure Limit - RUSSIA short term exposure limit 5 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 11360;
Number of Industries 85;
Total Number of Facilities 7,284;
Number of Occupations 68;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 138,757
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 11360;
Number of Industries 128;
Total Number of Facilities 19,005;
Number of Occupations 127;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 404,916;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 236,470


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: E coli polA without S9
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a chemical intermediate, solvent, emulsifier, cosmetic and perfume ingredient
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);no evidence:mouse,rat NTPTR* NTP-TR-343,1989
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);no evidence:mouse;rat


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898-
AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
CBPCEE Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology. (Elsevier Science, 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591) V.74- 1983-
CTOIDG Cosmetics and Toiletries. (Allured Pub. Corp., POB 318, Wheaton, IL 60189) V.91- 1976-
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7.
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.50- 1961-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NPIRI* Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. (National Assoc. of Printing Ink Research Institute, Francis McDonald Sinclair Memorial Laboratory, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015)
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-
OIGZDE Osaka-shi Igakkai Zasshi. Journal of Osaka City Medical Association. (Osaka-shi Igakkai, c/o Osaka-shiritsu Daigaku Igakubu, 1-4-54 Asahi-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545, Japan) V.24- 1975-
RBREV* Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration, and Special Review (Rainbow Report), Special Review and Reregistration Division Office of Pesticide Programs U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M. Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460, Spring 1998
RMSRA6 Revue Medicale de la Suisse Romande. (Societe Medicale de La Suisse Romande, 2 rue Bellefontaine, 1003 Lausanne, Switzerland) V.1- 1881-
TCMUD8 Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1980-
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
VCVGK* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994.

Used as a chemical intermediate, solvent, emulsifier, cosmetic and perfume ingredient

NIOSH PROFILE (ALCOHOLS), SRI, 2/77

FDA-over the counter drug

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Natural Product
   Primary Irritant

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