The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Benzoyl peroxide

RTECS #: DM8575000

CAS #: 94-36-0

UPDATE: November 2004 MW: 242.24 MF: C14H10O4


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. REVIEWS:
  7. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  8. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  9. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  10. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Acnegel
  2. Aztec BPO
  3. Benzoperoxide
  4. Benzoylperoxid (German)
  5. Benzoyl peroxide (ACGIH:OSHA)
  6. Benzoylperoxyde (Dutch)
  7. Benzoyl superoxide
  8. BZF - 60
  9. Cadat BPO
  10. Cadox B - CH 50
  11. Cadox BS
  12. Debroxide
  13. Loroxide
  14. Lucidol
  15. Luperco AA
  16. Luperco AST
  17. Luperox FL
  18. Nayper B and BO
  19. Quinolor compound
  20. Topex
  1. Dibenzoylperoxid (German)
  2. Dibenzoyl peroxide
  3. Dibenzoylperoxyde (Dutch)
  4. Diphenylglyoxal peroxide
  5. Fostex
  6. Garox
  7. Incidol
  8. Norox bzp - 250
  9. Norox bzp - C - 35
  10. Novadelox
  11. Oxylite
  12. Panoxyl
  13. Persadox
  14. Perossido di benzoile (Italian)
  15. Peroxide, dibenzoyl
  16. Peroxyde de benzoyle (French)
  17. Superox 744
  18. Theraderm
  19. Vanoxide
  20. Xerac


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
eye
rabbit 		500 mg/24 hour mild 85JCAE -,324,1986
skin
human 		5%/48 hour ADVEA4 34,68,1996
skin
human 		5% VCVGK* -,543,1994
skin
human 		5%/8 week- intermittent severe ADVEA4 62,458,1982


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
DNA damage human other cell types 100 µmol/L CNREA8 45,2522,1985
DNA damage mouse other cell types 1 µmol/L PAACA3 24,108,1983
DNA inhibition human other cell types 56 µmol/L CNREA8 45,2522,1985
DNA repair Escherichia coli 250 µg/well MUREAV 133,161,1984
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat liver 100 pmol/L CRNGDP 5,1547,1984
mutation in mammalian somatic cells human kidney 300 µmol/L CRNGDP 13,1783,1992
morphological transform mouse fibroblast 0.1 µmol/L/21 day (-enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 37,231,2001
other mutation test systems human other cell types 56 µmol/L CNREA8 45,2522,1985


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
skin
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 24 gm/kg/30 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		SCIEAS 213,1023,1981
skin
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 64,000 mg/kg/40 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens 		CRNGDP 21,811,2000


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 147 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,542,1994
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 372.8 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,543,1994
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,200 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,542,1994
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 7,710 mg/kg Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis

Liver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition 		ARCOC* JUN1982
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6,400 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,542,1994
skin
mammal (species unspecified) 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): >1 gm/kg N/R KODAK* #900713


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average 5 mg/m3 DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT 71,345,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 36,267,1985
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 36,267,1985
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT 71,345,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 3 IMEMDT 71,345,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CMTVAS 10(3),49,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 488,151,2001


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD - air time-weighted average 5 mg/m3 DTLVS* 3,23,1971
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) 8 hour time-weighted average 5 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) 8 hour time-weighted average 5 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) 8 hour time-weighted average 5 mg/m3 CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) 8 hour time-weighted average 5 mg/m3 CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 5 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM time-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 5 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 5 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 5 mg/m3 (total dust), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - HUNGARY time-weighted average 5 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 5 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE PHILIPPINES time-weighted average 5 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - POLAND MAC(time-weighted average) 5 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 10 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 5 mg/m3, KZG- week 10 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 5 mg/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO BENZOYL PEROXIDE-air 10 hour time-weighted average 5 mg/m3 NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 11280;
Number of Industries 47;
Total Number of Facilities 5,255;
Number of Occupations 42;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 32,909
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 11280;
Number of Industries 62;
Total Number of Facilities 7,331;
Number of Occupations 75;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 87,420;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 11,192


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: E coli polA without S9
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as polymerization initiator, curing agent and cross-linking agent
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Benzoyl peroxide, 5009


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986
ADVEA4 Acta Dermato-Venereologica. (Almqvist & Wiksell, POB 45150, S-10430 Stockholm, Sweden) V.1- 1920-
ARCOC* ARCO Chemical Company Report. (3801 West Chester Pike, Newton Square, PA 19073)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402)
CMTVAS Cahiers de Medecine du Travail. (Association Professionnelle Belge des Medecine du Travail, rue du Bultia, 6280 Gerpinnes, Belgium) V.1- 1963-
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941-
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
KODAK* Kodak Company Reports. (343 State St., Rochester, NY 14650)
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
PAACA3 Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. (Waverly Press, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1954-
SCIEAS Science. (American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, 1333 H St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1895-
VCVGK* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994.

Used as polymerization initiator, curing agent and cross-linking agent

NIOSH PROFILE (PEROXIDES, ORGANIC), SRC, 12/79

NIOSH PROFILE (RUBBER MANUFACTURING, SYNTHETIC), SRI, 2/77

NIOSH PROFILE (RUBBER MANUFACTURING, SYNTHETIC), FIRL, 4/78

FDA-over the counter drug

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

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