The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Benzene, 1,2,4 - trichloro -

RTECS #: DC2100000

CAS #: 120-82-1

UPDATE: November 2004 MW: 181.44 MF: C6H3Cl3


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA:
  3. MUTATION DATA:
  4. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  5. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  6. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  7. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  8. REVIEWS:
  9. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  10. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  11. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  12. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Hostetex L - pec
  2. unsym - Trichlorobenzene
  3. 1,2,4 - Trichlorobenzene
  4. 1,2,5 - Trichlorobenzene
  1. 1,3,4 - Trichlorobenzene
  2. 1,2,4 - Trichlorobenzol
  3. 1,2,4 - Trichlorobenzene (ACGIH)
  4. Trojchlorobenzen (Polish)


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
skin
rabbit 		1,950 mg/13 week- intermittent moderate AEHLAU 30,165,1975


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
micronucleus test intraperitoneal
mouse 		210 mg/kg/24 hour MUTAEX 2,111,1987


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 750 mg/kg (3 day prior to copulation) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina JTEHD6 8,489,1981
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,800 mg/kg (9-13 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death 		ENVRAL 31,362,1983


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,336 gm/kg/2 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		NTIS** OTS0571797


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published toxic concentration: 200 mg/m3 Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning VCVGK* -,26,1984
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1,223 mg/kg N/R MUTAEX 2,111,1987
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		TXAPA9 111,69,1991
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg Liver: Other changes

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) 		TXAPA9 111,69,1991
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 300 mg/kg Behavioral: Altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Ataxia 		NAIZAM 29,569,1978
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 756 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,26,1984
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 756 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold 		AOHYA3 12,209,1969
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 756 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,26,1984
skin
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6,139 mg/kg Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold 		AOHYA3 12,209,1969
skin
rabbit 		lowest published lethal dose: 6,100 mg/kg N/R VCVGK* -,26,1984


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
inhalation
human 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/4 year- intermittent Behavioral: Headache

Liver: Other changes

Blood: Changes in cell count (unspecified) 		VCVGK* -,27,1994
inhalation
mouse 		lowest published toxic concentration: 500 mg/m3/7 hour/3 week- intermittent Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Blood: Changes in cell count (unspecified)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		VCVGK* -,27,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/17 week- intermittent Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count VCVGK* -,27,1994
inhalation
rat 		lowest published toxic concentration: 25 ppm/26 week- intermittent Liver: Other changes VCVGK* -,27,1994
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 13,104 mg/kg/26 week- continuous Liver: Other changes

Liver: Tumors 		CMSHAF 1,279,1972
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 6,048 mg/kg/12 week- continuous Liver: Other changes

Liver: Changes in liver weight 		CMSHAF 1,153,1972
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 280 mg/kg/14 day- continuous Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases TXAPA9 37,170,1976
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 7,380 mg/kg/13 week- continuous Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) 		DCTODJ 11,11,1988
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 280 mg/kg/14 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) 		BCPCA6 27,361,1978
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 181 mg/kg/2 week- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases VCVGK* -,27,1994
skin
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published toxic dose: 840 mg/kg/4 week- intermittent Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments 		VCVGK* -,26,1994
skin
mammal (species unspecified) 		lowest published toxic dose: 12,600 mg/kg/4 week- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse VCVGK* -,26,1994


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value ceiling concentration 5 ppm DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRALIA time-weighted average 5 ppm (40 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - AUSTRIA MAK 5 ppm (40 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - BELGIUM short term exposure limit 5 ppm (37 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - DENMARK time-weighted average 5 ppm (40 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FINLAND time-weighted average 5 ppm (40 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 10 ppm (74 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE VME 5 ppm (40 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - GERMANY MAK 5 ppm (40 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - THE NETHERLANDS MAC-TGG 15.1 mg/m3, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit - SWITZERLAND MAK- week 5 ppm (40 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM time-weighted average 1 ppm (7.6 mg/m3), Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value;

ceiling concentration 5 ppm
Occupational Exposure Limit IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value
ceiling concentration 5 ppm


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE-air ceiling concentration 5 ppm NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 83334;
Number of Industries 4;
Total Number of Facilities 74;
Number of Occupations 8;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,687
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 83334;
Number of Industries 6;
Total Number of Facilities 78;
Number of Occupations 14;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 4,033;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1,463


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE FEREAC 47,26992,82
Used as an industrial chemical, chemical intermediate, solvent, emulsifier
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Polychlorobenzenes, 5517


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960-
AOHYA3 Annals of Occupational Hygiene. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958-
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958-
CMSHAF Chemosphere. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1972-
DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1- 1977/78-
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967-
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936-
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986-
NAIZAM Nara Igaku Zasshi. Journal of the Nara Medical Association. (Nara Igakkai, c/o Narakenritsu Ika Daigaku, Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara-ken, Japan) V.1- 1950-
NIOSH* National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
VCVGK* "Vrednie chemichescie veshestva, galogen I kislorod sodergashie organicheskie soedinenia". (Hazardous substances. Galogen and oxygen containing substances), Bandman A.L. et al., Chimia, 1994.

Used as an industrial chemical, chemical intermediate, solvent, emulsifier

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Primary Irritant

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