The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Benz (a) anthracene

RTECS #: CV9275000

CAS #: 56-55-3

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 228.30 MF: C18H12


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  4. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  5. REVIEWS:
  6. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  7. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  8. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  9. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. Benzanthracene
  2. 1,2 - Benz (a) anthracene
  3. 1,2 - Benzanthrazen (German)
  4. Benzanthrene
  5. Naphthanthracene
  6. RCRA waste number U018
  7. 1,2 - Benzanthracene
  1. 1,2 - Benzanthrene
  2. Benzo (a) anthracene
  3. 1,2 - Benzoanthracene
  4. Benzo (b) phenanthrene
  5. 2,3 - Benzophenanthrene
  6. 2,3 - Benzphenanthrene
  7. Tetraphene


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis intraperitoneal
hamster 		1,800 mg/kg/24 hour AMSHAR 27,199,1979
DNA adduct Escherichia coli 10 µmol/L MUREAV 89,95,1981
DNA adduct hamster lung 3 µmol/L MUREAV 419,91,1998
DNA adduct hamster lung 1 mg/L CBINA8 4,389,1971/1972
DNA adduct human lymphocyte 30 µmol/L PNASA6 85,3513,1988
DNA adduct mouse liver 60 µmol/L JJIND8 62,947,1979
DNA adduct mouse other cell types 1 mg/L CBINA8 4,389,1971/1972
DNA adduct skin
mouse 		192 µmol/kg CRNGDP 5,231,1984
DNA adduct intratracheal
rat 		75 mg/kg MUREAV 312,165,1994
DNA adduct rat liver 3 µmol/L MUREAV 419,91,1998
DNA adduct salmon testis 5 µg/1 hour- continuous BIJOAK 110,159,1968
DNA damage Escherichia coli 78.6 µg/L/3 hour (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 515,85,2002
DNA damage hamster fibroblast 5 mg/L BCPCA6 20,1297,1971
DNA damage hamster kidney 5 mg/L BCPCA6 20,1297,1971
DNA inhibition hamster other cell types 450 µmol/L CALEDQ 53,163,1990
DNA inhibition human other cell types 10 µmol/L CNREA8 42,3676,1982
DNA inhibition mouse other cell types 10 µmol/L JJIND8 65,1321,1980
DNA inhibition other microorganisms 200 µg/L PNASA6 74,1378,1977
DNA repair oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		36 gm/L MUREAV 290,175,1993
unscheduled DNA synthesis human fibroblast 100 µmol/L CBPCEE 86,399,1987
unscheduled DNA synthesis human HeLa cell 100 µmol/L CNREA8 38,2621,1978
unscheduled DNA synthesis other fish liver 200 nmol/L HKXUDL 4,368,1984
unscheduled DNA synthesis other fish other cell types 100 µmol/L CBPCEE 86,399,1987
unscheduled DNA synthesis rat liver 100 µmol/L ENMUDM 3,11,1981
host-mediated assay mouse
Salmonella typhimurium 		1,600 mg/kg JJIND8 62,911,1979
mutation in microorganisms hamster lung 109 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 46,27,1977
mutation in microorganisms mouse lymphocyte 2 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 12(Suppl 13),103,1988
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 4 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) CRNGDP 5,747,1984
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 0.5 nmol/plate/48 hour (-enzymatic activation step) MUREAV 557,99,2004
micronucleus test intraperitoneal
hamster 		1,800 mg/kg/24 hour AMSHAR 27,199,1979
micronucleus test intraperitoneal
mouse 		500 mg/kg TJIDAH 101,259,1986
micronucleus test multiple
non-mammalian species 		188 ppb MUREAV 292,83,1993
micronucleus test intratracheal
rat 		75 mg/kg/16 hour- intermittent MUREAV 326,147,1995
mutation in mammalian somatic cells hamster lung 1 mg/L/3 hour BJCAAI 39,540,1979
mutation in mammalian somatic cells human lymphocyte 9 µmol/L DTESD7 10,277,1982
morphological transform hamster embryo 6 mg/L/7 day- continuous IJCNAW 9,435,1972
morphological transform hamster kidney 80 µg/L BJCAAI 37,873,1978
morphological transform hamster lung 100 µg/L TXCYAC 17,149,1980
morphological transform mouse fibroblast 4 mg/L JJIND8 67,1303,1981
morphological transform mouse embryo 12,500 µg/L ENMUDM 4,105,1982
morphological transform oral
rat 		180 mg/kg CNREA8 40,1157,1980
morphological transform rat embryo 3 mg/L JJIND8 67,1303,1981
other mutation test systems hamster lung 1 mg/L CBINA8 4,389,1971/1972
other mutation test systems Salmonella typhimurium 2,400 µg/L MUREAV 192,239,1987
phage inhibition capacity Escherichia coli 50 mg/L CNREA8 41,532,1981
sister chromatid exchange intraperitoneal
hamster 		900 mg/Kg/24 hour MUREAV 66,65,1979
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 100 µmol/L CMMUAO 6,1,1980
sister chromatid exchange hamster lung 5 mg/L ENMUDM 7,137,1985
sister chromatid exchange intratracheal
rat 		150 mg/kg MUREAV 312,165,1994
sister chromatid exchange rat liver 10 µmol/L MUREAV 91,467,1981
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction parenteral
Drosophila melanogaster 		5 mmol/L EJGCA9 4,400,1975
specific locus test parenteral
Drosophila melanogaster 		5 mmol/L CNREA8 33,2354,1973
specific locus test oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		5 mmol/L MUREAV 234,71,1990
sperm morphology oral
hamster 		900 mg/kg/24 hour AMSHAR 27,199,1979


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
implant
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 80 mg/kg Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors 		BJCAAI 22,825,1968
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application 		CNREA8 15,632,1955
skin
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 18 mg/kg Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		CNREA8 38,1699,1978
skin
mouse 		toxic dose : 18 mg/kg Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		CNREA8 38,1705,1978
skin
mouse 		toxic dose : 360 mg/kg/56 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		CNREA8 11,892,1951
skin
mouse 		toxic dose : 240 mg/kg/1 week- intermittent Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors 		BJCAAI 9,177,1955


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intravenous
mouse 		lowest published lethal dose: 10 mg/kg N/R JNCIAM 1,225,1940
intravenous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): >200 mg/kg N/R MOPMA3 4,427,1968


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value time-weighted average L DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value Suspected Human Carcinogen DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2003
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 3,45,1973
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 32,135,1983
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT 32,135,1983
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 2A IMSUDL 7,56,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 540,89,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 558,155,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 544,397,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 140-141,353,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 567,227,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 567,109,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 567,401,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 567,151,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
MUREAV 567,347,2004


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - FRANCE Carcinogen, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit - NORWAY time-weighted average 0.04 mg/m3, JAN1999


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: B0045;
Number of Industries 4;
Total Number of Facilities 149;
Number of Occupations 4;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 2,311


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/95/264370)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; SHE-clonal assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-mouse prostate
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo; Host-mediated assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: V79 cell culture-gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Cell transform.-BALB/c-3T3; In vitro UDS in rat liver
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: E coli polA without S9; In vivo SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by HPLC, 5506; by GC, 5515
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
AMSHAR Acta Morphologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. (Budapest, Hungary) V.1-30, 1951-82.
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958-
BIJOAK Biochemical Journal. (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot, POB 32, Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK) V.1- 1906-
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947-
CALEDQ Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975-
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969-
CBPCEE Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology. (Elsevier Science, 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591) V.74- 1983-
CMMUAO Chemical Mutagens. Principles and Methods for Their Detection. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.1- 1971-
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941-
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
DTESD7 Developments in Toxicology and Environtal Science. (Elsevier Science, New York, NY) V.1-15, 1977-87. Discontinued
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996
EJGCA9 Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology. (Egyptian Soc. of Genetics, c/o Alexandria Univ., Faculty of Agriculture, Dept. of Genetics, Alexandria, Egypt) V.1- 1972-
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG.
HKXUDL Huanjing Kexue Xuebao. Environmental Sciences Journal. (China International Book Trading Corp., POB 2820, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.1- 1981-
IJCNAW International Journal of Cancer. (International Union Against Cancer, 3 rue du Conseil- General, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland) V.1- 1966-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979-
JJIND8 JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.61-79, 1978-87. For publisher information, see JNCIEQ.
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60, 1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8.
MOPMA3 Molecular Pharmacology. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1965-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
PNASA6 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. (National Academy of Sciences, Printing & Pub. Office, 2101 Constitution Ave., Washington, DC 20418) V.1- 1915-
TJIDAH Tokyo Jikeikai Ika Daigaku Zasshi. Tokyo Jikeikai Medical Journal. (3-25-8, Nishi Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, Japan) V.66- 1951-
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen

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