The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

L - Ascorbic acid

RTECS #: CI7650000

CAS #: 50-81-7

UPDATE: February 2005 MW: 176.14 MF: C6H8O6


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  9. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  10. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. 3 - Keto - L - gulofuranolactone
  2. 3 - Oxo - L - gulofuranolactone
  3. 3 - Oxo - L - gulofuranolactone (enol form)
  4. Adenex
  5. Allercorb
  6. Antiscorbic vitamin
  7. Antiscorbutic vitamin
  8. Arco - cee
  9. Ascoltin
  10. Ascor - B.I.D.
  11. Vitamisin
  12. Vitascorbol
  13. Xitix
  14. ce lent
  15. Ascorbajen
  16. Ascorbate
  17. Ascorbic acid
  18. Ascorbutina
  19. Ascorin
  20. Ascorteal
  21. Ascorvit
  22. C - Level
  23. C - Long
  24. C - Quin
  25. C - Span
  26. C - Vimin
  27. CE - VI - Sol
  28. Cantan
  29. Cantaxin
  30. Catavin C
  31. Ce - Mi - Lin
  32. Cebicure
  33. Cebid
  34. Cebion
  35. Cebione
  36. Cecon
  37. Cee - caps TD
  38. Cee - vite
  39. Cegiolan
  40. Ceglion
  41. Celaskon
  42. Celin
  43. Cemagyl
  44. Cemill
  45. Cenetone
  46. Cereon
  47. Cergona
  48. Cescorbat
  49. Cetamid
  50. Cetane - caps TD
  51. Cetemican
  52. Cevalin
  1. Cevatine
  2. Cevex
  3. Cevi - bid
  4. Cevimin
  5. Cevital
  6. Cevitamic acid
  7. Cevitamin
  8. Cevitan
  9. Cevitex
  10. Cewin
  11. Ciamin
  12. Cipca
  13. Citriscorb
  14. Colascor
  15. Concemin
  16. Davitamon C
  17. Dora - C - 500
  18. Duoscorb
  19. Hicee
  20. Hybrin
  21. IDO - C
  22. Kyselina askorbova (Czech)
  23. L (+) - Ascorbic acid
  24. L - 3 - Ketothreohexuronic acid lactone
  25. L - Ascorbate
  26. L - Lyxoascorbic acid
  27. L - Xyloascorbic acid
  28. L - threo - Hex - 2 - enonic acid, gamma - lactone
  29. Laroscorbine
  30. Lemascorb
  31. Liqui - Cee
  32. NCI - C54808
  33. NSC 33832
  34. Planavit C
  35. Proscorbin
  36. Redoxon
  37. Ribena
  38. Roscorbic
  39. Scorbacid
  40. Scorbu - C
  41. Secorbate
  42. Testascorbic
  43. Vicelat
  44. Vicomin C
  45. Viforcit
  46. Viscorin
  47. Vitace
  48. Vitacee
  49. Vitacimin
  50. Vitacin
  51. Vitamin C


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis hamster ovary 300 mg/L FCTXAV 18,497,1980
cytogenetic analysis intraperitoneal
mouse 		1,600 mg/kg TCMUD8 9,51,1989
DNA damage Bacillus subtilis 2 mg/disc PMRSDJ 1,175,1981
DNA damage human fibroblast 200 µmol/L CNREA8 42,3783,1982
DNA damage human other cell types 200 µmol/L CNREA8 42,3783,1982
DNA damage mammal (species unspecified) lymphocyte 500 µmol/L JNSVA5 24,263,1978
DNA inhibition human HeLa cell 2,500 µmol/L MUREAV 92,427,1982
DNA inhibition human other cell types 200 µmol/L CNREA8 42,3783,1982
DNA inhibition human other cell types 200 mg/L ONCOBS 35,160,1978
DNA repair Saccharomyes cerevisiae 100 mg/L PMRSDJ 1,502,1981
mutation in microorganisms Neurospora crassa 2 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MAGDA3 10,249,1979
mutation in microorganisms other microorganisms 1,000 ppm (-enzymatic activation step) POASAD 34,114,1953
mutation in microorganisms Salmonella typhimurium 500 µg/plate (+/-enzymatic activation step) ABCHA6 45,327,1981
micronucleus test hamster ovary 400 mg/L EMMUEG 26,240,1995
micronucleus test intraperitoneal
mouse 		4,500 mg/kg/3 day- continuous EMMUEG 21,160,1993
gene conversion and mitotic recombination Saccharomyes cerevisiae 300 mg/L PMRSDJ 1,491,1981
other mutation test systems human fibroblast 200 µmol/L CNREA8 42,3783,1982
other mutation test systems human other cell types 200 µmol/L CNREA8 42,3783,1982
other mutation test systems mouse liver 500 µmol/L JNSVA5 24,263,1978
sister chromatid exchange hamster ovary 500 mg/L SCIEAS 236,933,1987
sister chromatid exchange intraperitoneal
mouse 		1,600 mg/kg TCMUD8 9,51,1989
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction Saccharomyes cerevisiae 100 mg/L PMRSDJ 1,468,1981
sperm morphology parenteral
silkworm 		25 µg EISOAU 34,367,1981


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 6,680 mg/kg (11 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death ARTODN 64,423,1990
intravenous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg (8 day pregnant) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system 		TOIZAG 8,175,1961
oral
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic dose: 19,500 mg/kg (30-58 day pregnant/10 day after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic ANYAA9 258,401,1975
oral
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic dose: 5,800 mg/kg (1-58 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Stillbirth

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) 		BEXBAN 57,483,1964
oral
guinea pig 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,471 mg/kg (multigenerations) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) ANYAA9 258,465,1975
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,500 mg/kg (1-22 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) AJANA2 110,29,1962


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,802,500 mg/kg/103 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Leukemia 		NTIS** PB83-201194


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 643 mg/kg N/R PMRSDJ 1,682,1981
intravenous
man 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,300 mg/kg/2 day Blood: Oxidant related (GPD deficient) anemia AIMEAS 82,810,1975
intravenous
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 518 mg/kg N/R RPOBAR 2,269,1970
intravenous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): >4 gm/kg Behavioral: Altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) 		OYYAA2 12,131,1976
intravenous
woman 		lowest published lethal dose: 900 mg/kg Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) AIMDAP 145,950,1985
oral
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3,367 mg/kg N/R NCISP* JAN1986
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 11,900 mg/kg Eye: Lacrimation

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea 		OYYAA2 12,131,1976
subcutaneous
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): >10 gm/kg N/R OYYAA2 12,131,1976
skin
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response FATOAO 47,84,1984


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
human 		lowest published toxic dose: 72.96 gm/kg/313 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Active as anti-cancer agent JJIND8 92,1881,2000
oral
human 		lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg/14 day- intermittent Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Endocrine: Other changes 		PSCHDL 159,319,2002
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 546 gm/kg/13 week- intermittent Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field NTPTR* NTP-TR-247,1983
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 18,000 mg/kg/30 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport 		TXCYAC 191,19,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 455 gm/kg/13 week- continuous Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		NTPTR* NTP-TR-247,1983
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,500 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent Endocrine: Hyperglycemia

Blood: Other changes 		FATOBP 159,75,1986
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 7,000 mg/kg/28 day- intermittent Endocrine: Change in gonadotropins

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in ovarian weight 		AECTCV 41,83,2001
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,200 mg/kg/30 day- intermittent Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects 		TXCYAC 188,117,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 769 mg/kg/25 day- intermittent Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects 		TOSCF2 73,339,2003
skin
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg/10 day- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation FATOAO 47,84,1984


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ARPTDI 43,97,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CMAJAX 164,353,2001
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CTOXAO 40,715,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
TOLED5 140-141,125,2003


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
N/R N/R N/R


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: M0462;
Number of Industries 24;
Total Number of Facilities 5,030;
Number of Occupations 33;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 69,440
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: M0462;
Number of Industries 41;
Total Number of Facilities 7,888;
Number of Occupations 56;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 137,698;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 84,231


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro SCE-human lymphocytes; In vitro SCE-human
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Mammalian micronucleus; Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a food and feed additive, flavor, packaging material, pharmaceutical
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (feed);no evidence:mouse,rat


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
ABCHA6 Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. (Maruzen Co. Ltd., POB 5050, Tokyo International, Tokyo 100-31, Japan) V.25- 1961-
AECTCV Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 070944) V.1- 1973-
AIMDAP Archives of Internal Medicine. (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1908-
AIMEAS Annals of Internal Medicine. (American College of Physicians, 4200 Pine St., Philadelphia, PA 19104) V.1- 1927-
AJANA2 American Journal of Anatomy. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1-192, 1901-91.
ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877-
ARPTDI Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.16- 1976-
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974-
BEXBAN Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (English Translation). Translation of BEBMAE. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.41- 1956-
CMAJAX Canadian Medical Association Journal. (Canadian Medical Assoc., POB 8650, Ottawa, ON K1G 0G8, Canada) V.1- 1911-
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941-
CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW.
EISOAU Eiyo to Shokuryo. Food and Nutrition. (Tokyo, Japan) V.10-35, 1957-82.
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
FATOAO Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya (Moscow). For English translation, see PHTXA6 and RPTOAN. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.2- 1939-
FATOBP Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya (Kiev). Pharmacology and Toxicology. (Kievskii Nauchno- Issledovatel'skii Institut Farmakologii i Toksikologii, Kiev, USSR) No.1- 1964-
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7.
JJIND8 JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.61-79, 1978-87. For publisher information, see JNCIEQ.
JNSVA5 Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. (Business Center for Academic Soc. Japan, 2-4-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.19- 1973-
MAGDA3 Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.1- 1972-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NCISP* National Cancer Institute Screening Program Data Summary, Developmental Therapeutics Program. (Bethesda, MD 20205)
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-
ONCOBS Oncology. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.21- 1967-
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967-
PMRSDJ Progress in Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.1- 1981-
POASAD Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science. (Oklahoma Academy of Science, c/o Executive Secretary-Treasurer, Southwestern Oklahoma State Univ., Weatherford, OK 73096) V.1- 1910/1920-
PSCHDL Psychopharmacology (Berlin). (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.47- 1976-
RPOBAR Research Progress in Organic-Biological and Medicinal Chemistry. (New York, NY) V.1-3, 1964-72. Discontinued.
SCIEAS Science. (American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, 1333 H St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1895-
TCMUD8 Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1980-
TOIZAG Toho Igakkai Zasshi. Journal of Medical Society of Toho University. (Toho Daigaku Igakkai, 21-16, Omori-nishi, 5-chome, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143, Japan) V.1- 1954-
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TOSCF2 Toxicological Sciences (Oxford University Press, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887 ) V. 41, Jan. 1998-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-

Used as a food and feed additive, flavor, packaging material, pharmaceutical

FDA-over the counter drug

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Drug
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector
   Human Data
   Hormone
   Natural Product

ALT CAS #: 14536-17-5
ALT CAS #: 30208-61-8
ALT CAS #: 50976-75-5
ALT CAS #: 56533-05-2
ALT CAS #: 57304-74-2
ALT CAS #: 57606-40-3
ALT CAS #: 89924-69-6
ALT CAS #: 129940-97-2
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