The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

Acetamide, thio -

RTECS #: AC8925000

CAS #: 62-55-5

UPDATE: May 2005 MW: 75.14 MF: C2H5NS


NOTE:

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
  1. SYNONYMS:
  2. MUTATION DATA:
  3. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA:
  4. TUMORIGENIC DATA:
  5. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
  6. OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA:
  7. REVIEWS:
  8. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:
  9. NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:
  10. STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:
  11. REFERENCES:

SYNONYMS:

  1. RCRA waste number U218
  2. Acetothioamide
  3. Ethanethioamide
  4. Thiacetamide
  1. Thioacetamide
  2. Thioacetimidic acid
  3. USAF CB - 21
  4. USAF EK - 1719


SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
N/R
 N/R N/R N/R


MUTATION DATA AND REFERENCES:

SYSTEM TEST ROUTE/
ORGANISM/
TISSUE 		DOSE REFERENCE
cytogenetic analysis monkey kidney 50 mg/L ECREAL 57,193,1969
cytogenetic analysis intraperitoneal
rat 		150 mg/kg JNCIAM 46,49,1971
cytogenetic analysis parenteral
rat 		150 mg/kg ECREAL 55,435,1969
DNA adduct Escherichia coli 50 µmol/L MUREAV 89,95,1981
DNA adduct intraperitoneal
rat 		60 mg/kg CNREA8 36,4647,1976
DNA damage rat liver 300 mmol/L SinJF# 26OCT1982
DNA inhibition human HeLa cell 150 mmol/L CRNGDP 13,2389,1992
DNA inhibition mouse fibroblast 1 mmol/L JOUOD4 5,147,1983
DNA repair Escherichia coli 400 µg/well MUREAV 46,53,1977
unscheduled DNA synthesis intraperitoneal
mouse 		50 µg/kg CHBIE4 3,1,1986
unscheduled DNA synthesis oral
rat 		2,940 mg/kg/12 week- intermittent CNREA8 29,2039,1969
unscheduled DNA synthesis subcutaneous
rat 		100 mg/kg PLMEAA 57,25,1991
host-mediated assay mouse
Salmonella typhimurium 		125 mg/kg JJIND8 62,911,1979
host-mediated assay mouse
Escherichia coli 		300 mg/kg MUREAV 272,161,1992
mutation in microorganisms mouse lymphocyte 3,200 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 12(Suppl 13),37,1988
mutation in microorganisms Saccharomyes cerevisiae 19,900 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) MGGEAE 174,39,1979
micronucleus test monkey kidney 100 mg/L ECREAL 57,193,1969
micronucleus test oral
mouse 		670 µmol/kg MUREAV 192,141,1987
gene conversion and mitotic recombination Saccharomyes cerevisiae 2 pph JJIND8 62,901,1979
mutation in mammalian somatic cells mouse lymphocyte 623 mg/L EMMUEG 12(Suppl 13),37,1988
morphological transform hamster embryo 100 µg/L IJCNAW 19,642,1977
morphological transform mouse embryo 500 µg/L JNCIAM 52,1167,1974
morphological transform mouse fibroblast 1 mg/L/21 day (-enzymatic activation step) EMMUEG 35,300,2000
morphological transform oral
rat 		1,512 mg/kg/6 week CRNGDP 9,387,1988
morphological transform rat embryo 30 mg/L JJIND8 67,1303,1981
other mutation test systems human fibroblast 100 mg/L BJCAAI 42,112,1980
other mutation test systems monkey kidney 25 mg/L/48 hour ECREAL 57,193,1969
other mutation test systems other microorganisms 10 mg/L CYTZAM 11,392,1975
other mutation test systems intraperitoneal
rat 		5 mg/kg RCOCB8 23,639,1979
other mutation test systems subcutaneous
rat 		100 mg/kg PLMEAA 57,25,1991
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction oral
Drosophila melanogaster 		100 ppm/24 hour MUREAV 58,259,1978
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction parenteral
Drosophila melanogaster 		2,500 ppm MUREAV 58,259,1978


REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1 gm/kg (7 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) 85DJA5 -,95,1971
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg (9-11 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system 		FHCYAI 8,11,1970
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,935 mg/kg (6-14 day pregnant) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) NTIS** PB223-160


TUMORIGENIC DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
oral
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 10 gm/kg/39 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		BJCAAI 24,498,1970
oral
mouse 		toxic dose : 7,956 mg/kg/32 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		JNCIAM 56,493,1976
oral
mouse 		toxic dose : 18,360 mg/kg/73 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		IJCAAR 9,154,1972
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 7,350 mg/kg/40 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		JJIND8 79,1047,1987
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 6,000 mg/kg/43 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Liver: Tumors 		ONCOBS 38,249,1981
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 7,200 mg/kg/51 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		ONCOBS 38,249,1981
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 1,008 mg/kg/9 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		NATUAS 175,257,1955
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 9,900 mg/kg/71 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Liver: Tumors 		ONCOBS 38,249,1981
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 1,600 mg/kg/12 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		CNREA8 28,1703,1968
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 5,140 mg/kg/47 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Prostate tumors 		JPBAA7 72,415,1956
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 7,665 mg/kg/1 year- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		JJIND8 71,553,1983
oral
rat 		toxic dose : 4,320 mg/kg/34 week- continuous Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors 		ECEBDI 45,34,1977


ACUTE TOXICITY DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 300 mg/kg N/R NTIS** AD277-689
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg Liver: Liver function tests impaired TOXID9 72,322,2003
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published lethal dose: 1,000 mg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		TXAPA9 188,122,2003
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response TOLED5 136,163,2003
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 600 mg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases 		TOSCF2 45,233,1998
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg Liver: Liver function tests impaired TOXID9 72,199,2003
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published lethal dose: 50 mg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation 		TOSCF2 72,272,2003
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 496 mg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects 		BCPCA6 66,917,2003
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases ETOPFR 18,149,2004
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg Liver: Other changes ETOPFR 18,149,2004
intraperitoneal
rat 		lethal dose : 600 mg/kg N/R ETOPFR 18,149,2004
intravenous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation 		BCPCA6 67,2141,2004
oral
rat 		lethal dose (50 percent kill): 301 mg/kg N/R TXAPA9 27,380,1974
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Endocrine: Change in GH

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		JTSCDR 26,25,2001
subcutaneous
mouse 		lowest published lethal dose: 2 gm/kg N/R AIPTAK 12,447,1904
subcutaneous
rat 		lethal dose : >200 mg/kg Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases 		JOGAET 29,293,1994
subcutaneous
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) 		JOETD7 49,119,1995
unreported route
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins TOXID9 72,81,2003
unreported route
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes TOXID9 72,107,2003


OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE DATA AND REFERENCES:

ROUTE/
ORGANISM 		DOSE
EFFECT

 REFERENCE
intraperitoneal
mouse 		lowest published toxic dose: 350 mg/kg/7 day- intermittent Liver: Changes in liver weight

Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight

Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight 		TOLED5 114,225,2000
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,050 mg/kg/3 week- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes 		TXAPA9 159,161,1999
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg/1 week- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases 		TOPADD 15,19,2002
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg/3 week- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		TOPADD 15,19,2002
intraperitoneal
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,400 mg/kg/7 week- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects 		TOPADD 15,19,2002
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 2,520 µL/kg/12 week- continuous Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume decreased or anuria 		JTSCDR 24,369,1999
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 933 mg/kg/10 week- continuous Liver: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain 		VAAZA2 32,57,1979
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 240 mg/kg/4 day- intermittent Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases 		TXAPA9 16,626,1970
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 1,890 mg/kg/4 week- continuous Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) 		TXCYAC 48,81,1988
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 3,648 mg/kg/27 week- continuous Liver: Other changes JIHTAB 31(3),158,1949
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4,500 mg/kg/90 day- intermittent Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring)

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases 		CYLPDN 21,777,2000
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 26.6 mg/kg/14 day- intermittent Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins 		TOXID9 72,8,2003
oral
rat 		lowest published toxic dose: 4,032 mg/kg/28 day- continuous Liver: Other changes TOXID9 72,235,2003


REVIEWS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT 7,77,1974
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT 7,77,1974
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Cancer Review Group 2B IMSUDL 7,56,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CRTXB2 1(1),93,1971


STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD
REFERENCE
Occupational Exposure Limit - UNITED KINGDOM Carcinogen, SEP2000


NIOSH DOCUMENTATION AND SURVEILLANCE:

ORGANIZATION STANDARD or SURVEY
REFERENCE
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974: Hazard Code: 83086;
Number of Industries 2;
Total Number of Facilities 47;
Number of Occupations 2;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 1,130
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983: Hazard Code: 83086;
Number of Industries 3;
Total Number of Facilities 53;
Number of Occupations 6;
Total Number of Employees Exposed 786;
Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 592


STATUS IN FEDERAL AGENCIES:

ORGANIZATION
REFERENCE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; SHE-clonal assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-mouse embryo
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo; Host-mediated assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Weakly Positive: S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: E coli polA with S9; Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: E coli polA without S9
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
Used as a substitute for HYDROGEN SULPHIDE in the chemical laboratory
NTP 10th Report on Carcinogens,2002:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen


REFERENCES:

CODEN
REFERENCE
85DJA5 "Malformations Congenitales des Mammiferes," Tuchmann-Duplessis, H., Paris, Masson et Cie, 1971
AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898-
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958-
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947-
CHBIE4 Chronobiology International. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1984 -
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941-
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971-
CYLPDN Zhongguo Yaoli Xuebao. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. Chinese Journal of Pharmacology. (China International Book Trading Corp., POB 2820, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.1- 1980-
CYTZAM Cytobiologie. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-18, 1969-79. For publisher information, see EJCBDN.
ECEBDI Experimental Cell Biology. (S. Karger Pub., Inc., 79 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10003) V.44- 1976-
ECREAL Experimental Cell Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.10- 1950-
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987-
ETOPFR Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology (Elsevier Science, P.O.Box 7247-7682,Philadelphia,PA 19170 -7682,USA OR Elsevier Science B.V.,P.O.Box 1270,1000 BG Amsterdam,The Netherlands) V.1- Feb.1996-
FHCYAI Folia Histochemica et Cytochemica. (Cracow, Poland) V.1-21, 1963-83.
IJCAAR Indian Journal of Cancer. (Indian Cancer Soc., Parel, Bombay, 400 012, India) V.1- 1963-
IJCNAW International Journal of Cancer. (International Union Against Cancer, 3 rue du Conseil- General, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland) V.1- 1966-
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972-
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979-
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
JJIND8 JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.61-79, 1978-87. For publisher information, see JNCIEQ.
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60, 1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8.
JOETD7 Journal of Ethnopharmacology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1979-
JOGAET Journal of Gastroenterology. (Japanese Society of Gastroenterology, Ginza Orient BLDG, 9-13 Ginza 8, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104 Japan) V.29- 1994-
JOUOD4 Journal of UOEH (University of Occupational and Environmental Health). (Univ. of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807, Japan) V.1- 1979-
JPBAA7 Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology. (London, UK) V.1-96, 1892-1968. For publisher information, see JPTLAS.
JTSCDR Journal of Toxicological Sciences. (Japanese Soc. of Toxicological Sciences, 4th Floor, Gakkai Center Bldg., 4-16, Yayoi 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.1- 1976-
MGGEAE Molecular and General Genetics. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.99- 1967-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964-
NATUAS Nature. (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736) V.1- 1869-
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
ONCOBS Oncology. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.21- 1967-
PLMEAA Planta Medica. (Georg Thieme Verlag, Postfach 732, D-7000 Stuttgart 1, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1953-
RCOCB8 Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology. (PJD Pub. Ltd., P.O. Box 966, Westbury, NY 11590) V.1- 1970-
SinJF# Personal Communication from J.F. Sina, Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research, West Point, PA 19486, Oct. 26, 1982
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977-
TOPADD Toxicologic Pathology. (c/o Dr. F.A. de la Iglesia, Warner-Lambert Co., Pharmaceutical Research Div., POB 1047, Ann Arbor, MI 48106) V.6(3/4)- 1978-
TOSCF2 Toxicological Sciences (Oxford University Press, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887 ) V. 41, Jan. 1998-
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981-
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959-
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973-
VAAZA2 Virchows Archiv, Abteilung B: Cell Pathology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1968-

Used as a substitute for HYDROGEN SULPHIDE in the chemical laboratory

RTECS Compound Description:
   Tumorigen
   Mutagen
   Reproductive Effector

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