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CAS numbers: 95487 (oisomer), 108394 (misomer), 106445 (pisomer)
NIOSH REL: 2.3 ppm (10 mg/m3) TWA
Current OSHA PEL: 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1989 OSHA PEL: Same as current PEL
19931994 ACGIH TLV: 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
Description of Substance: White crystals with a sweet, tarry odor.
LEL(@300 F): 1.4% (10% LEL(@300 F), 1,400 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 250 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The only quantitative acute inhalation toxicity data available are those cited by Patty [1963]. Patty [1963] reported that rats exposed for 8 hours to a saturated concentration of cresol vapors survived the exposure [Smyth 1956]. The chosen IDLH is based on the isomer with the highest vapor pressure, that of ocresol, which yields a saturated concentration of 323 ppm at 25 C. The chosen IDLH appears to be conservative because no rats died as a result of this exposure which was for 8 hours. Based on the rat oral LD50 of 207 mg/kg for pcresol [Biofax 1969 cited by NIOSH 1976], an IDLH of 250 ppm is reasonable.
Shortterm exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
Lethal dose data:
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| Cresols Rat Mouse Mouse |
Back et al. 1972 Back et al. 1972 Kuroki et al. 1982 | oral oral oral | 1,454 861 760 | ----- ----- ----- | 2,262 ppm 1,339 ppm 1,182 ppm | 226 ppm 134 ppm 118 ppm |
| o-Cresol Rat Rat Mouse |
Biofax 1969b Deichmann and Witherup 1944 Gig Tr Prof Zabol 1974 | oral oral oral | 121 1,350 344 | ----- ----- ----- | 188 ppm 2,100 ppm 535 ppm | 19 ppm 210 ppm 54 ppm |
| m-Cresol Rat Rat Mouse |
Biofax 1969a Deichmann and Witherup 1944 Gig Tr Prof Zabol 1974 | oral oral oral | 242 2,020 828 | ----- ----- ----- | 376 ppm 3,142 ppm 1,288 ppm | 38 ppm 314 ppm 129 ppm |
| p-Cresol Rat Rat Mouse |
Biofax 1969c Deichmann and Witherup 1944 Gig Tr Prof Zabol 1974 | oral oral oral | 207 1,800 344 | ----- ----- ----- | 322 ppm 2,800 ppm 535 ppm | 32 ppm 280 ppm 54 ppm |
Other animal data: Rats exposed to a saturated concentration of cresol vapors (about 150 to 380 ppm) survived the exposure for 8 hours [Smyth 1956].
Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.
| Revised IDLH: 250 ppm [Unchanged]
Basis for revised IDLH: Based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Smyth 1956], the original IDLH for cresol (250 ppm) is not being revised at this time. |
REFERENCES:
1. Back KC, Thomas AA, MacEwen JD [1972]. Reclassification of materials listed as transportation health hazards. WrightPatterson Air Force Base, OH: 6570th Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Report No. TSA20723, pp. A330 to A331.
2. Biofax [1969a]. Data sheet 35/69. Northbrook, IL: Biofax Industrial BioTest Laboratories, Inc.
3. Biofax [1969b]. Data sheet 45/69. Northbrook, IL: Biofax Industrial BioTest Laboratories, Inc.
4. Biofax [1969c]. Data sheet 55/69. Northbrook, IL: Biofax Industrial BioTest Laboratories, Inc.
5. Deichmann WB, Witherup S [1944]. Phenol Studies. VI. The acute and comparative toxicity of phenol and o-, m-, and pcresols for experimental animals. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 80:233240.
6. Gig Tr Prof Zabol [1974]; 18(2):5859 (in Russian).
7. Kuroki K, Murakami Y, Osumi T, Kimura T [1982]. A study on acute toxicity of formalinguaiacol. Kyushu Shika Gakkai Zasshi (Journal of the Kyushu Dental Society) 36(6):932939 (in Japanese).
8. NIOSH [1976]. GO64750. pCresol. In: Registry of toxic effects of chemical substances, 1976 ed. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 76191, p. 353.
9. Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., p. 1390.
10. Smyth HF Jr [1956]. Improved communication: hygienic standards
for daily inhalation. Am Ind Hyg Assoc Q 17(2):129185.
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