NIOSH REL: 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) TWA [skin]; NIOSH considers 1,2,3trichloropropane to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].
Current OSHA PEL: 50 ppm (300 mg/m3) TWA
1989 OSHA PEL: 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) TWA
19931994 ACGIH TLV: 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
Description of substance: Colorless liquid with a chloroformlike odor.
LEL(@248°F) : 3.2% (10% LEL(@248°F), 3,200 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 1,000 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: UCC [1973] reported that 5 of 6 rats died following a 1hour exposure to 5,600 ppm. Because several mice died following only a 20minute exposure to 5,000 ppm [McOmie and Barnes 1949 as cited by ACGIH 1971], 5,000 ppm has not been chosen as the IDLH. The chosen IDLH is based on the rat 4hour LCLO of 1,000 ppm [Smyth et al. 1962 cited by NIOSH 1976].
Shortterm exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
Lethal concentration data:
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Mouse | Izmerov et al. 1982 | |||||
Mouse | McOmie & Barnes 1949 | |||||
Rat | McOmie & Barnes 1949 | |||||
Mouse | McOmie & Barnes 1949 | |||||
Mouse | McOmie &Barnes 1949 | |||||
Rat | Smyth et al. 1962 | |||||
Rat | UCC 1973 |
Human data: It has been reported that objectionable ocular
and mucosal irritation were experienced after 15 minutes of exposure
to 100 ppm [Silverman et al. 1946].
Revised IDLH: 100 ppm
Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for 1,2,3trichloropropane is 100 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Silverman et al. 1946]. This may be a conservative value due to the lack of relevant acute toxicity data for workers exposed to concentrations above 100 ppm. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for 1,2,3trichloropropane at concentrations above 10 ppm.] |
REFERENCES:
1. ACGIH [1971]. 1,2,3Trichloropropane. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, pp. 266267.
2. Izmerov NF, Sanotsky IV, Sidorov KK [1982]. Toxicometric parameters of industrial toxic chemicals under single exposure. Moscow, Russia: Centre of International Projects, GKNT, p. 114.
3. McOmie WA, Barnes TR [1949]. Acute and subchronic toxicity of 1,2,3trichloropropane in mice and rabbits. Fed Proc 8:319.
4. NIOSH [1976]. TZ92750. Propane, 1,2,3trichloro. In: Registry of toxic effects of chemical substances, 1976 ed. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 76191, p. 969.
5. Silverman L, Schulte HF, First MW [1946]. Further studies on sensory response to certain industrial solvent vapors. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28:262266.
6. Smyth HF Jr, Carpenter CP, Weil CS, Pozzani UC, Striegel JA [1962]. Range finding toxicity data: list VI. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 23:95107.
7. UCC [1973]. Toxicology studies: 1,2,3trichloropropane.
New York, NY: Union Carbide Corporation.
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