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CAS number: 76062
NIOSH REL: 0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3) TWA
Current OSHA PEL: 0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m3) TWA
1989 OSHA PEL: Same as current PEL
19931994 ACGIH TLV: 0.1 ppm (0.67 mg/m3) TWA
Description of Substance: Colorless to faintyellow, oily liquid with an intensely irritating odor.
LEL: . . Noncombustible Liquid
Original (SCP) IDLH: 4 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Flury and Zernik [1931] cited in ACGIH [1971] and Patty [1963], and by Prentiss [1937] cited in ILO [1971] that a few seconds exposure to 4 ppm renders a man unfit for action. According to Patty [1963], a 10minute exposure to 7.5 ppm is intolerable [Flury and Zernik 1931; Prentiss 1937]; therefore, a concentration this high might impede escape within 30 minutes.
Shortterm exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
Lethal concentration data:
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Other animal data: RD50 (mouse), 7.98 ppm [Alarie 1981].
Other human data: It has been reported that 4 ppm for a few seconds renders a worker unfit for activity and that a 10minute exposure to 7.5 ppm is intolerable [Flury and Zernik 1931].
| Revised IDLH: 2 ppm
Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for chloropicrin is 2 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in workers [Flury and Zernik 1931] and animals [Sangyo Igaku 1973]. |
REFERENCES:
1. ACGIH [1971]. Chloropicrin. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, p. 54.
2. Alarie Y [1981]. Doseresponse analysis in animal studies: prediction of human responses. Environ Health Perspect 42:913.
3. Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane; nitrochloroform; picfume). In: Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., pp. 169170.
4. Flury F, Zernik F [1931]. Schädliche gase dämpfe, nebel, rauch und staubarten. Berlin, Germany: Verlag von Julius Springer, pp. 418419 (in German).
5. ILO [1971]. Chloropicrin. In: Encyclopaedia of occupational health and safety. 2nd ed. Vol. I (AK). Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office, p. 294.
6. Okada E, et al. [1970]. A study of chloropicrin intoxication. Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine) 59(11):1214 (in Japanese). [From ACGIH [1971]. Chloropicrin. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, p. 54.]
7. Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., pp. 20822083.
8. Prentiss AM [1937]. Chemicals in war. A treatise on chemical warfare. New York, NY: McGrawHill Book Company, Inc., p. 140.
9. Ritlop B [1939]. Das todlicehkeitsprodukt des chlorpikrins. Zeit Ges Exp Med 106:296302 (in German).
10. Sangyo Igaku (Japanese Journal of Industrial Health) [1973]. Inhalation toxicity of phosgene and trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin). 15:406407 (in Japanese).
11. Sine C, ed. [1993]. Chloropicrin. In: Farm chemicals handbook '93, p. C78.
12. Yoshida M, Murao N, Tsuda S, Shirasu Y [1991]. Effects of
mode of exposure on acute inhalation toxicity of chloropicrin
vapor in rats. Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi (Journal of the Pesticide
Science Society of Japan) 16:6369.
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