Aniline

CAS number . . . . . . . . . . . 62-53-3
NIOSH REL. . . . . . . . . . . . None established; NIOSH considers aniline to
                                 be a potential occupational carcinogen as
                                 defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR
                                 1990].
Current OSHA PEL . . . . . . . . 5 ppm (19 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1989 OSHA PEL. . . . . . . . . . 2 ppm (8 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV. . . . . . . 2 ppm (7.6 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
Description of substance . . . . Colorless to brown, oily liquid with an
                                 aromatic amine-like odor.
LEL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3% (10% LEL, 1,300 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH. . . . . . . 100 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH. . The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by
                                 Henderson and Haggard [1943] that 100 to 160
                                 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be
                                 inhaled for 1 hour without serious
                                 disturbance.  AIHA [1955] reported that 50 to
                                 100 ppm can probably be tolerated for 60
                                 minutes.
Short-term exposure guidelines . None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:

                                                        Adjusted       
                             LC50    LCLo                0.5-hr        Derived
Species     Reference       (ppm)   (ppm)    Time        LC (CF)        Value
______________________________________________________________________________
Mouse    Back et al. 1972    175    -----    7 hr     420 ppm (2.4)     42 ppm
Rat      Carpenter et al.   -----    250     4 hr     500 ppm (2.0)     50 ppm
         1949
Cat      von Oettingen      -----    180     8 hr     450 ppm (2.5)     45 ppm
         1941

Lethal dose data:

                                                                              
                                     Ld50      LDLo                    Derived
Species     Reference       Route   (m/kg)   (mg/kg)   Adjusted LD      Value
______________________________________________________________________________
Dog      Back et al. 1972   oral    -----      195       353 ppm        35 ppm
Rat      Dieke et al. 1947  oral    -----      250       452 ppm        45 ppm
Mouse    Gig Tr Prof Zabol  oral    -----      464       839 ppm        84 ppm
Rat      Jacobsen 1972      oral    -----      440       796 ppm        80 ppm
G. pig   Kodak 1984         oral    -----      400       724 ppm        72 ppm

                                  
                                  
Human data . . . . . . . . . . . Volunteers tolerated 1-hour exposures ranging
                                 from 100-160 ppm with only moderate adverse
                                 health effects (undefined) [von Oettingen
                                 1941].  It has also been reported that 100 to
                                 160 ppm is the maximum concentration that can
                                 be inhaled for 1 hour without serious
                                 consequence [Henderson and Haggard 1943] and
                                 that 50 to 100 ppm can probably be tolerated
                                 for 60 minutes [AIHA 1955].

Revised IDLH: 100 ppm [Unchanged]
Basis for revised IDLH: Based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [AIHA 1955; Henderson and Haggard 1943; von Oettingen 1941], the original IDLH for aniline of 100 ppm is not being revised at this time. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for aniline at any detectable concentration.]

REFERENCES:

1. AIHA [1955]. Aniline. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc Q 16:331-332.
2. Back KC, Thomas AA, MacEwen JD [1972]. Reclassification of materials listed as transportation health hazards. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: 6570th Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Report No. TSA-20-72-3, pp. A-8 to A-9.
3. Carpenter CP, Smyth HF Jr, Pozzani UC [1949]. The assay of acute vapor toxicity, and the grading and interpretation of results on 96 chemical compounds. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 31:343-346.
4. Dieke SH, Allen GS, Richter CP [1947]. The acute toxicity of thioureas and related compounds to wild and domestic Norway rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 90:260-270.
5. Gig Tr Prof Zabol [1969]; 13(5):29-32 (in Russian).
6. Henderson Y, Haggard HW [1943]. Noxious gases. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Reinhold Publishing Corporation, p. 228.
7. Jacobsen KH [1972]. Acute oral toxicity of mono- and di-alkyl ring-substituted derivatives of aniline. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 22:153-154.
8. Kodak [1984]. Aniline. In: TSCA 8d submission to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (OTS 206512). Rochester, NY: Eastman Kodak Company.
9. von Oettingen WF [1941]. The aromatic amines and nitro compounds, their toxicity and potential dangers. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Bulletin 271:1-15.