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CAS number: 107073
NIOSH REL: 1 ppm (3 mg/m3) CEILING [skin]
Current OSHA PEL: 5 ppm (16 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1989 OSHA PEL: 1 ppm (3 mg/m3) CEILING [skin]
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 1 ppm (3.3 mg/m3) CEILING [skin]
Description of Substance: Colorless liquid with a faint, etherlike odor.
LEL:. . 4.9% (10% LEL, 4,900 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 10 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: Browning [1965] stated that the lethal dose differs somewhat in the hands of different observers. An LC50 of 290 mg/m3 (88 ppm) for rats [Semenova et al. 1971] was cited by NIOSH [1973]. However, an IDLH of 10 ppm is chosen based on other data (i.e., a rat 4hour LC50 of 32 ppm [Browning 1965]; a rat 4hour LC50 of 33 ppm [Patty 1963]; exposure to 7.5 ppm for 1 hour, which was lethal to rats, and 4 ppm, which was lethal to rats following 2 exposures of 1 hour each [Browning 1965]; and a ceiling TLV of 1 ppm [ACGIH 1976]).
Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
Lethal concentration data:
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Lethal dose data:
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Other animal data: Rats exposed for 15 minutes a day at concentrations of 900 to 1,000 ppm died within a few days [Goldblatt and Chiesman 1944]. Repeated 1hour exposures (not defined) to 2 ppm can be fatal to rats [Ambrose 1950].
Human data: Death has resulted from a 2hour exposure at an estimated concentration of 300 ppm [Dierker and Brown 1944].
| Revised IDLH: 7 ppm
Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for ethylene chlorohydrin is 7 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Browning 1965; Patty 1963]. |
REFERENCES:
1. ACGIH [1976]. TLVs, Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents in the workroom environment with intended changes for 1976. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, p. 18.
2. Ambrose AM [1950]. Toxicological studies of compounds investigated for use as inhibitors of biological processes. II. Toxicity of ethylene chlorohydrin. AMA Arch Ind Hyg Occup Med 21:591597.
3. Browning E [1965]. Toxicity and metabolism of industrial solvents. New York, NY: Elsevier Publishing Company, p. 399.
4. Dierker H, Brown PG [1944]. Study of a fatal case of ethylene chlorohydrin poisoning. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 26:277279.
5. Goldblatt MW, Chiesman WE [1944]. Toxic effects of ethylene chlorohydrin. Part I. Clinical. Br J Ind Med 1:207223.
6. Kovyzin VG [1971]. Experimental data on the substantiation of the threshold of ethylene chlorohydrin in the air of the working zone. Gig Tr Prof Zabol 15(2):5464 (in Russian).
7. Lawrence WH, Turner JE, Autian JJ [1971]. Toxicity of ethylene chlorohydrin. I. Acute Toxicity Studies. J Pharm Sci 60:568571.
8. NIOSH [1973]. 10274. Ethanol, 2chloro. In: The toxic substances list, 1973 ed. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Publication No. HSM 7311020, p. 413.
9. Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., p. 1495.
10. Semenova VN, Kazanina SS, Ekshtat BY [1971]. On the toxic properties of ethylene chlorohydrin in the air of working premises. Gig Sanit 36:376 (translated).
11. Smyth HF Jr, Seaton J, Fischer L [1941]. The single dose toxicity
of some glycols and derivatives. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 23:259268.
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